1 Designing a European Armaments Education and Training Platform: Coping with Multiple Demands Michel Hess Director of Studies and Training Center for Security Studies Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich)

2 3 discussion points ingredients for the creation of a successful EAC learning platform Swiss experience in running national and international cooperative educational programs possible contributions to the EAC framework

3 Some points for consideration EAC experts as leaders, managers or both embeddedness of EAC knowledge areas balancing military and civilian curriculum content maintenance of national capabilities and expertise complementing additional EAC demands

4 Implications of identified needs multifunctionality calls for „intensive“ education interoperability calls for „multinational“ education sequential readiness calls for an education independent of time and location technological developments and operational specialization call for specialized education

5 3 demands on EAC education and training reconciliation of permanent learning with constant functional readiness leadership and management preparation for both cooperative and national programmes delivery of mission-critical skills for both strategic leadership and operational-technical programme management

6 HOW?

7 Some demands on defense and armaments leadership core business of armaments and defense leadership cope with multiple, non-armaments-related issues manage complex programs with time and resource constraints constantly evolving spectrum of security environment adapting tools and strategies available to cope with changing risks operational security environment demanding solutions beyond a defence „out-of-the-box“ approach

8 A possible context of EAC education and training intertwined EAC knowledge areas natural affinities and mutual interests between public and private sector providers armaments cooperation education relies also on non-military, civilian environments “Managers do things right, leaders do the right things.” “Managers work with things and numbers, leaders with perception and feelings.” Malone

9 1) A first possible response to EAC needs Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL)

10 EAC limited resources EAC need for expertise, knowledge, information The Advanced Distributed Learning Vision: access to the highest quality education and training tailored to individual needs and delivered cost effectively, anywhere and at any time.

11 Addressing educational deficits tailored individual educational portfolios multifunctionality independent of location and time learning with each other, learning from each other civilian certification possible

12 An EAC learning platform delivers… a preparation for dealing with strategic risks and threats a preparation for broad international and national security policy social, cognitive skills and methodological competencies for the analysis and management of complex problems content expertise in contemporary and constantly shifting risks and threats, security policy, grand strategy interdisciplinary, multinational exchange of experience and lessons learned within and without peer groups 2) A second possible response to EAC needs

13 An EAC learning platform promotes… networking of armaments partners (military, civilian, public, private, corporate) practical feasibility, solution and problem-oriented, transferable education accreditation and mutual recognition of military and civilian credentials life-long learning, learning throughout life combining theoretical concepts and practical tools

14 armaments education is based on a network of partnerships with non- military public and private institutions because corporate, public and private experience and lessons learned are relevant for the armaments decision level multilevel, multiagency, multinational, multipurpose education across structures (federal, state) A Public-Private Partnership 3) A third possible response to EAC needs

15 A public-private partnership in armaments education ascertains the effectiveness of the delivered content in the context of the changing security environment and reaps the benefits and experience of lessons learned from non-military security contexts.

16 Outcomes of national educational PPPs by Switzerland a road map for defining joint and separate missions and objectives for civilian and defense actors a unity of authority and integration of efforts and functions by diverse actors (is an integrated armaments structure possible?) timely decisions and commitments in requiring rapid reaction, streamlining of decisional process and awareness of respective decision-making practices and traditions robust and realistic rules of engagement for the implementation of armaments programs

17 Outcomes of international e-learning initiatives by Switzerland

18 Possible contributions to the EAC platform sharing existing content in 2-3 knowledge areas relevant to EAC framework share expertise in course production, training and coaching, technology consulting in support of the EAC virtual learning package

19 Designing a European Armaments Education and Training Platform: Coping with Multiple Demands Thank you