Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession, and Sustainability Chapter 8 Mrs Gullickson Science Chapter 8 Mrs Gullickson Science Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College

Community Structure: Appearance and Species Diversity  Stratification  Species diversity  Species richness  Niche structure  Edge effects Fig. 8-2 p. 166

Biodiversity  Latitude  Depth  Pollution  Theory of island biogeography Fig. 8-3 p. 167 Ants Birds

General Types of Species  Native  Non-native (exotic or alien)  Indicator  Keystone

Species Interactions: Competition  Intraspecific competition  Interspecific competition  Interference competition  Exploitation competition  Competitive exclusion principle  Resource partitioning

Resource Partitioning Fig. 8-9 p. 175; Refer to Fig p. 152 & Fig p. 175

Species Interactions: Predation  Predator  Prey  Prey acquisition  Predator Avoidance Refer to Fig p. 177

Symbiotic Species Interactions: Parasitism  Parasite  Host  Endoparasites  Ectoparasites

Symbiotic Species Interactions: Mutualism  Reproductive mutualism: pollination  Nutritional mutualism  Nutritional/protection mutualism Fig p. 179

Symbiotic Species Interactions: Commensalism  Indirect: i.e., small plants growing in shade of larger plants  Direct: i.e., epiphytes, remoras Fig p. 180

Ecological Succession: Communities in Transition  Primary succession  Secondary succession  Pioneer species  Successional species

Primary Succession Fig p. 180

Secondary Succession Fig p. 181

Succession and Wildlife Fig p. 182

Ecological Stability and Sustainability Refer to Table 8-2 p. 193  Disturbance  Climax community  Inertia  Constancy  Resilience  Precautionary principle