4-2: What Shapes an Ecosystem? Biology 1

Ecology tell you where an organism lives Ecology also tells you about the climate What shapes the ecosystem of the organism? Introduction

BIOTIC FACTORS: biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem – Biotic Factors include living organisms in the environment: Plants, animals, bacteria, etc ABIOTIC FACTORS: physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem – Abiotic Factors include temperature, precipitation, wind, sunlight, etc… Biotic and Abiotic Factors

HABITAT: the area where an organism lives, including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it Habitats includes biotic and abiotic factors Biotic and Abiotic Factors

NICHE: full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions Niches can be organisms place in the food web, temperatures needed for survival, etc The Niche

Niche also describes what an organism eats, how it gets food, and predators Where an animal lives When and how it reproduces The same species can never live in the same niche – it causes competition The Niche

Competition happens when organisms fight for resources – Food, water, living space, etc Predation happens when one organism catches another for food – Predator is hunter, prey is the food Community Interactions

SYMBIOSIS: relationship in which two species live closely together MUTUALISM: symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship COMMENSALISM: symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed PARASITISM: symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and consequently harms it Community Relationships