IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23 DRILL : A man lived one-fourth of his life as a boy in Baltimore, one-fifth of his life as a young man in Youngstown, one-third of his life as a man in Manitoba, and the last thirteen years of his life in Thurmont. How old was the man when he died? Write down your answer. October 4, 2010

X = X/4 + X/5 + X/ X = 15X + 12X + 20X X = 47X X = 780 X = 60 years IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-10 DRILL: ALGEBRAIC SOLUTION Define the unknowns: X = man’s total age. X/4 = years as a boy X/5 = years as a youth X/3 = years as a man 13 = years in Thurmont Write an equation: Solve the equation:

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I KC HOMEWORK SOLUTION A. BASED ON THIS DIAGRAM, DERIVE 2 EQUATIONS: 1. TO CONVERT KELVIN TO CELSIUS 2. TO CONVERT CELSIUS TO KELVIN. K - 273C – C K = 100 C K = C + 273

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23 5(F – 32) = 9C B. CAN THE FAHRENHEIT TEMPERATURE EVER MATCH THE CELSIUS TEMPERATURE? ( X F = X C ) USE ALGEBRA TO PROVE YOUR CONCLUSION. In class, we derived the following expression and then ‘customized’ it so that we could solve for F or C depending on which one was known. Let X be the matching temperature on both scales. 5(X – 32) = 9X 5X – 160 = 9X – 160 = 4X – 40 = X Therefore, -40 F = -40 C.

LETTERING Engineer’s communication tool All capital letters BETWEEN GUIDELINES Legible and Consistent LEGIBLE AND CONSISTENT IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-1 REVIEW FOR TEST #1

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-2 Take out a sheet of notebook paper. Title it between last and 2 nd –to-last lines. Never write in line above it (no X’s). BPI NOTESHEET 26 AUG 08 LAST, F. 1 Title Blocks Teacher will give you your class #

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-19 BPI-IOT CLASSWORK 19 SEP 08 LAST, F. 1 REMINDER Title Blocks

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-2 FOT Review – Engineering What is ENGINEERING? Systematic application of mathematic, scientific, and technical principles to yield a tangible end product that meets our needs or desires. What are the key words? 1.Systematic application 2.Mathematic, Scientific, Technical 3.Principles 4.Tangible end product 5.Needs or Desires FOT REVIEW

What is a principle? 1.The laws of nature underlying the working of an artificial device. 2.A fundamental, primary, or general law from which others are derived. Engineering FOT REVIEW IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-2

What is Technology? –The application of knowledge, tools, and skills to solve problems and extend human capabilities –Performs tasks by using an artifact that is not part of the human body Engineering creates Technology An object made by humans for a specific purpose FOT REVIEW Engineering IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-2

Technology as a System Technology – performing a by using an object that is not part of the human body. System – each technology has parts and each part has a with all other parts and to the whole. FOT REVIEW IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-2

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-3 Components: –Goals Humans develop technology to meet needs Each artifact meets more than one goal –Inputs Resources that go into a system and are used by it –Processes Design Process, Production Process, Mgt. Process –Outputs Technological systems are designed to produce specific outputs. Manufactured products, constructed structures, communicated messages, transported people or goods. –Feedback and Control Using information about the outputs to regulate the system. Technology as a System FOT REVIEW

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-3 INPUTS PROCESSESOUTPUTS GOALS FEEDBACK Control System Components FOT REVIEW

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-3 INPUTS Resources that go into technology: –People – planners, designers, builders, testers, administration, investors, etc. –Information – math, science, and technical principles, etc. –Time – to plan, design, make, market, ship, etc. –Capital – $ for employees, materials, marketing, etc. –Machines and tools – manufacturing facilities, etc. –Materials – natural, synthetic, composite –Energy – to design, construct, ship, etc. FOT REVIEW

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-3 PROCESSES Management –Planning and scheduling –Organizing (e.g., salaries) –Actuating (e.g., marketing) –Controlling Design –Engineering Design Process –Problem Solving Process Production –Communication –Construction –Energy and Power –Manufacturing –Transportation FOT REVIEW

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-3 Used to regulate and control a technological system Designs need to be continually checked and critiqued, refined and improved Risk analysis is used to minimize the likelihood of undesired outputs Feedback in the form of: –Performance testing –Testing and evaluation –Surveys –Sales results –Quality control (actual operation vs. intended operation) FEEDBACK CONTROL FOT REVIEW

1.Model Used to communicate design ideas and processes. May be a small, large, or full scale model. 2.Prototype A working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments. Make Model / Prototype Outcome: Tangible Object IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-4

Outcome is a Design Proposal Request for Proposal (RFP) IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-5

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-5 1.Safety – is the product safe to use/construct? 2.Reliability – will it work consistently over time? 3.Cost – is it affordable? 4.Quality Control – does it meet customer requirements? 5.Environmental Concerns – does it harm the natural or human environment negatively? 6.Manufacturability – can it be made? 7.Maintenance – how easily can it be maintained or upheld? 8.Ergonomics – how efficiently can the human body utilize it? Constraints on the Engineering Design Process (A constraint is a limit or restriction)

1.If Technology is… The ability of humans to combine ingenuity and resources to meet needs and wants of people 2.Then Technology Assessment is… The conscience that polices the possible impacts of applying technology Assessing Technology IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-7 The analysis of technology should be based on facts and research rather than media hype or personal opinion.

IOT POLY ENGINEERING Assessing the impacts of technology requires An open mind. The ability to remove attachment (loyalty) to the topic of investigation. Some factors inhibiting technological assessment: 1.Emotional 2.Cultural 3.Intellectual 4.Environmental 5.Perceptual Assessing Technology Accepted in group Subtle influences Blocking real facts Peer pressure, time constraint Perception differences

Design Process Define the Problem Brainstorm, Research, Generate Ideas Explore Possibilities Develop a Design Proposal Make Model/Prototype Test and Evaluate Refine the Design Communicate the Solution IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-5

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-9 5 Impacts of Technology 5 Main Areas Impacted by Technology: –Social : How does it affect interdependent human relationships? –Cultural : How does it affect the characteristic features of everyday existence? –Economic : How does it affect the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services? –Political : How does it affect the government? –Environmental : How does it affect both the human and natural environments? (aesthetics included here)

PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES - DRAW A DIAGRAM - SOLVE ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS - MAKE A MODEL - CREATE A FLOWCHART - RUN A SIMULATION - TRIAL AND ERROR IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-17 "METROLOGY is the science and art of measurement. Measurement is extracting information from nature or from devices people have engineered. It is also about the uncertainty in the extracted data, communicating it to other people in a standard way, and making them confident in our measurements by establishing traceable measurement systems.“ Copyright © Newton Metrology Ltd. You will now receive a 4-sided concise summary of the International System of Units (SI). Read and study this summary now, as it may help you to find some answers to the homework.

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-20 STANDARD - An acknowledged measure of comparison for quantitative or qualitative value ACCURACY -the degree of closeness of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value PRECISION - the degree of mutual agreement among a series of individual measurements or values CALIBRATION - the process of establishing the relationship between a measuring device and the units of measure TRACEABILITY - an unbroken chain of comparisons relating an instrument's measurements to a known standard

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-20 BASE UNIT – A unit in a system of measurement that is defined, independent of other units, by means of a physical standard. Also known as fundamental unit. DERIVED UNIT - A unit that is defined by simple combination of base units. ERROR - The difference between a computed or measured value and a true or theoretically correct value. PERCENTAGE OF ERROR - the percentage ratio of the error to the correct value of the measured parameter. UNCERTAINTY - The estimated amount or percentage by which an observed or calculated value may differ from the true value.

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-20 SUMMARY OF THE 7 FUNDAMENTAL SI UNITS: 1.LENGTH - meter 2.MASS - kilogram 3.TIME - second 4.ELECTRIC CURRENT - ampere 5.THERMODYNAMIC TEMPERATURE - Kelvin 6.AMOUNT OF MATTER - mole 7.LUMINOUS INTENSITY - candela

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-8 Exponential Growth – LINEAR GRAPH

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-8 Exponential Growth Curve

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23 Exponential Relationship

IOT POLY ENGINEERING I1-23 Study for Wednesday’s test on Unit 1.