“Attracting international students: why is it so important?” U6653 Higher Education Development and Policy in Asia Prof. Alessia Lefebure Chris Kim 2/13/2014

Global Student Mobility Increases! One of the most notable trends is the massive increase in the number of international students in the world’s highest ranked universities. The total figure has increased by 10% at the top 100 universities. This is the biggest rise in the history of the rankings. In fact, Columbia international student enrollment increases! 5,565 (fall 2011) 6,050 (Fall 2012) 7,067 (Fall 2013)

Who are leading hosting countries? According to the UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS), the four leading destination countries – the U.S., the UK, Australia, and Canada – all witnessed sizable growth from 2002 to Canada saw the biggest percentage gains, with enrollments increasing by 67% (from 52,650 in 2002 to 87,798 in 2009) The UK and Australia with 62% (from 227,273 to 368,968) and 43% (from 179,619 to 257,637) respectively. Although U.S. enrollment grew at a slower rate of 13% (from 582,996 to 660,581 students), it remained the leading destination in absolute numbers and enrolled approximately one-fifth of all mobile students worldwide in 2009.

United States of America Top 5 - Country of Origin China (126,498) India (103,968) South Korea (71,514) Canada (27,896) Japan (24,622) Top 5 – Destination Country United Kingdom (13,855) Canada (7,080) Germany (3,569) France (3,435) Australia (3,018)

HONG KONG Top 5 - Country of Origin China (9405) Malaysia (147) China, Macao (93) South Korea (83) India (46) Top 5 – Destination Country Australia (12,662) United Kingdom (9,839) United States (7,963) Canada (1,797) China, Macao (274)

JAPAN Top 5 - Country of Origin China (86,553) South Korea (25,660) Vietnam (3,280) Thailand (2,419) Malaysia (2,271) Top 5 – Destination Country United States (24,662) United Kingdom (3,354) Australia(2,413) Canada (1,815) Germany (1,784)

South Korea Top 5 - Country of Origin China (45,757) Mongolia (2,190) Vietnam (1,662) Japan (1,147) United States (988) Top 5 – Destination Country United States (71,514) Japan (25,660) Australia (7,311) United Kingdom (4,347) Canada (4,326)

Impact of International Students Mobility Hosting Country Institution Domestic Students “But if the right precautions are taken, it’s easy to see the benefits of student mobility; to the student, to the host country, to employers, to universities themselves and to the student’s home country, which profits from the global perspective of its overseas-educated graduates.”

Impact of International Students Mobility – Hosting Country 1. Economic Revenue stream: tuition, living expenses, tours, Ex) Each year, NAFSA (National Association of Foreign Student Advisors)calculates the economic value of international students and their dependents to the U.S. economy. During the academic year, NAFSA estimates that international students and their dependents contributed $24 billion to the U.S. economy, creating and supporting 313,000 jobs. 2. Globalization “ Governments understand the desirability for students to develop a ‘global mindset’ and the benefits that this brings to both the individual, the economy and society.” Globalization of a country begins with its citizens.

Impact of International Students Mobility – Institution 1. Curriculum Challenges for teachers to be creative and adaptable: the presence of international students pose potential to change both the content and the process of education. For example, educational settings that boast of students from diverse national and cultural backgrounds have intrinsic assets for widening an intellectual perspective and internationalizing the content of teaching material. Classrooms divided into small heterogeneous groups which constitute the learning units 2. Ranking As an essential element of be highly ranked. Times Higher Education “The ability of a university to attract undergraduates and postgraduates from all over the planet is key to its success on the world stage: this factor is measured by the ratio of international to domestic students and is worth 2.5 per cent of the overall score.”

Impact of International Students Mobility – Domestic Students Learning opportunity through cross-cultural experience Providing the opportunity for domestic students to be exposed to other cultures Good work habits of international students provide positive examples for domestic students Assistance/incentive to domestic students in learning foreign languages Students interact directly with one another: interaction includes mutual cooperation, assistance and exchange of ideas in pursuit of a common goal

Thank you!