海外中文学校的可持续战略 : 专业精神与志愿精神视角分析 Sustainable Strategy for Oversea Chinese Schools: Professionalism & Volunteerism Jun Lin, Ph.D. School of Business, SUNY at New Paltz Vice Board Chair, Immediate Past Principal Huaxia Chinese School of Greater New York 全美中文学校协会第十次全国代表大会暨华文教育研讨会 Phoenix ， AZ Dec ，

Challenges to Oversea Chinese Schools Sustainability: Heritage, Innovation & Adaptation 持续发展 Leadership Transition, or Succession 领导更替 Managing Teams: Altruism, Exhaustion 管理团队 Teaching Faculty: Source & Turnover 教师队伍 Managerial Policy and Procedures 管理制度 Program Quality: Applications, Classics 教学思路与质量 Enrollment 学生注册 Infrastructure: Platform, Identity 设施与认知 2

Explore a Sustainable Strategy Assessment System as Backbone 教学评估体系 Link learning objectives to missions 教学目标贯彻办学宗旨 Quality assurance and continuous improvement 质量保障、持续改善 Operating Mode 管理运行模式 Leveraging volunteerism 发挥能动性 Promoting professionalism 创建专业性 3

Volunteerism & Professionalism Differences in motivation, norms, process, system, and aspired outcomes 动力、规范、行为方式、管理系统和期待 效果等方面的不同 Volunteerism: Altruism, value, energy, accountability, transience 利他，价值，热情，可靠，持久 Professionalism: Expertise, consistency, disinterest, mechanic, rational 专长，一致，客观，机械，理性 4

A New Typology 新类型 Volunteering School Engagement Activities Initial Background & Professional Experience Peripheral Activities 辅助 Professional Activities 核心 Non- Discipline- Based Capability Participating Volunteerism 志愿参与 Emerging Professionalism 专业养成 Discipline- based Expertise Enriching Volunteerism 志愿提升 Practicing Professionalism 专业实践 5

In Search of Sustainability 基本模型 团队建设 竞争力培养 持续发展 领导传承 + _ Team Dynamics Competency Succession Sustainable Advantage 6 校务 + 教务

Advisory Board Board of Directors Principal Executive VP Director of Office, IT Support, Facility Mgmt Registrar Safety & Discipline Safety & Discipline Committee Communication Newsletter PR Student Corner Treasurer Accountant Payroll Managers Language Programs Deans Culture Programs Events Activities & Student Contests Class Parents Chief POD Academic Affairs Parents Contact Admissions I.Structure: Balancing Specialization & Coordination 组织结构：分工协调 7

II. Process: Institutionalization 组织程序制度化 8

III. Strategic Implementation in Oversea Chinese Schools 战略执行 Competency Development Sustainable Advantage Daily Task Mgmt Communi- cation Motivate People Conflict Mgmt Leadership Skills Leadership Skills Succession: Knowledge Transfer Learning by Experience Institutionalized Knowledge 9

IV. Towards Professionalism 专业精神办校 Volunteering School Engagement Activities Initial Background & Professional Experience Peripheral Activities Professional Activities Non- Discipline- Based Capability Participating Volunteerism 志愿参与 Emerging Professionalism 专业养成 Discipline- based Expertise Enriching Volunteerism 志愿提升 Practicing Professionalism 专业实践 10

Conclusion 结论 Volunteer-run, not-profit Chinese Schools 抓住海外办学特点 Transient, Fluid Organization Constant Change: Succession Leveraging Volunteerism 发挥能动性 Talent Pool Socialization Team Building Promoting Professionalism 创建专业性 Competency Development, Maintenance, and Renewal Succession Planning Learning from experience Knowledge Transfer Institutionalize Knowledge Structuring Sustainable Competitive Advantage 从组织过程的各个方面着手探索 可持续战略 11