SIMTARS SHIFTWORK AT BURTON MINE © SIMTARS 2000

Objectives of Project Determine alertness levels during work periods Sleep quantity and quality during home and work periods Factors affecting fatigue including: –job activity, alcohol, exercise, caffeine, medication, environmental factors © SIMTARS 2000THIESS

© SIMTARS 2000 Data Collection - Part 1 Lifestyle Questionnaire Demographic and background information; Food and drink, including alcohol usage; Activity and exercise; Smoking status; Drug usage including medication, sleeping pills, recreational or illegal drugs; Work environment. –145 responses

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Data Collection - Part 2 Sleep logs –Sleep ruler –Sleep scale –Sleep factors questions Alertness logs –Time –Break –Activity –Environment –Rating of shift

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Data Collection - Part 2

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Data Collection - Part 2

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Data Collection - Part 3 FIT2000 Measurements –Some measurements relate to fatigue –Compare before and after shift to subjective alertness scales –Readings taken at end of shift only

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 1 Demographics Number of Males Number of Females -10 Undecided - 2 Workgroup Average Age Time in Mining Industry (years) (years) Production397.4 Maintenance384.0 CPP347.5 Administration345.7 Management437.5 Other392.7 The average age of all work groups at Burton mine is 38 years.

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 1 Alcohol Consumption

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Part 1 - Results Food –N–No major differences in terms of unsaturated fats, fruit and vegetables, grains and cereals Exercise –M–More workers exercise at home –I–If regular exercisers, maintain this at work

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Part 1 - Results Smoking –35% of workers still regularly smoke –25% have never smoked Medication –very few use medication regularly (5) –7 use sleeping pills when working night shift

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Part 1 - Results Work environment and shift system 75% - happy with shift arrangements ~10% - problems balancing Shiftwork Family commitments Work performance May have an important effect on safety!

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Limitations of Data Total of 199 log books completed - small number for third period Some log books only partially completed Results based on aggregated data and individuals may differ significantly

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Part 2 - Results Sleep Logs

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 2 Sleep Logs Alcohol Medication Exercise Caffeine Consumption Environmental Factors

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 2 Alertness Logs

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 2 Alertness Logs

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 2 Alertness Logs

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 % of Responses Shift EasyPhysicalStressful Day54% 24% 22% Night32% 32% 36%  First day shift was the most stressful  Third night was most stressful Results - Part 2 Alertness Logs

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Results - Part 3 FIT2000 Measurements Average alertness levels at start of shift correlated with saccadic velocity for day shift but not night shift Length of sleep correlated with constriction latency for night shift but not day shift Quality of sleep not significantly correlated

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Summary Lifestyle factors such as food intake and exercise not different to home Reduced alcohol consumption during work periods 75% are happy with shift arrangements but 10% adversely affected by shiftwork and the effect on safety may be significant

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Summary Sleep quantity and quality on night shift reduced - significant sleep debt unlikely Caffeine, alcohol or exercise did not affect the quantity or quality of sleep Small number of reported uses of medication and environmental disturbances - effect not determined –Site level unlikely to be problem –Individual level needs consideration and management

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Summary Alertness levels fall over night shift more rapidly than during the day shift Alertness level at the end of night shift is lower Considerable individual variation in the alertness levels reported The timing of breaks important and different on day and night shifts

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Summary Workers find working the night shift more stressful than working the day shift The limitations of data prevented determining effect of change of activity/ environmental factors Effective site management of fatigue at Burton - individual worker need management at an individual level

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Conclusions Education and information programs at individual level should continue - diet and exercise for general health –important for the 10% having difficulties High standard of accommodation and catering for quantity and quality of sleep Flexibility when scheduling breaks

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Conclusions Scheduling - –lowered alertness levels at the end of each night shift –effect of unfavourable environmental conditions –time in unfavourable conditions or high levels of concentration should be scheduled during times of higher alertness Fitness for duty testing - part of shiftwork management

THIESS© SIMTARS 2000 Thank you! Murray Wiggins - DME Workers and Management at Burton Mine