Aerospace Vehicle Ground Testing Sandia National Laboratories Trisonic Wind Tunnel (TWT) Technical Characteristics Blowdown to atmosphere M = , 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 Re = × 10 6 /ft Run times: seconds at minute intervals 12" × 12" test section ~1" diameter model size Transonic Test Section Three configurations 4 porous walls 2 porous walls, 2 solid walls 4 solid walls Test section enclosed in pressurized plenum Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Aerospace Vehicle Ground Testing Sandia National Laboratories Hypersonic Wind Tunnel (HWT) Technical Characteristics Blowdown to vacuum M = 5, 8, 14 Re = x 10 6 /ft Run times: ~45 sec at 45 minute intervals Gases: air at Mach 5 N2 at Mach 8 and 14 18" diameter test section 4" - 5" maximum diameter model size Stagnation temperature to 2500°R

Aerospace Vehicle Ground Testing Sandia National Laboratories High Altitude Chamber (HAC) Technical Characteristics 27 foot diameter vacuum sphere Simulate altitudes up to 230,000 ft Test articles up to 1 ton weight and 60 inch diameter Testing centrifuge to 600 rpm minutes to reach maximum altitude

Aerospace Vehicle Ground Testing Sandia National Laboratories Instrumentation Traditional Aerodynamic Internal strain-gage balances Surface pressure transducers Pitot probes and rakes Schlieren photography Model spin testing Heat transfer gages Laser-Based Instrumentation Laser Doppler Velocimetry Particle Image Velocimetry Laser-Induced Fluorescence Filtered Rayleigh Scattering