Chapter 26 – The Cold War Chapter 29 – The Kennedy & Johnson Years

Presidents of the United States George Washington; Federalist (1788) George Washington; Federalist (1788) John Adams; Federalist (1796) John Adams; Federalist (1796) Thomas Jefferson (1800) Thomas Jefferson (1800) James Madison (1808) James Madison (1808) James Monroe (1816) James Monroe (1816) John Quincy Adams (1824) John Quincy Adams (1824) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) John Tyler; Whig (1841) John Tyler; Whig (1841) James K. Polk; Democrat (1844) James K. Polk; Democrat (1844) Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848) Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848) Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850) Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850) Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852) Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852) James Buchanan; Democrat (1856) James Buchanan; Democrat (1856) Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860) Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860) Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865) Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865) Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868) Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868) Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876) Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876) James Garfield; Republican (1880) James Garfield; Republican (1880) #21 - …  Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)  Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)  William McKinley; Republican (1896)  Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)  William Howard Taft; Republican (1908)  Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1912)  Warren G. Harding; Republican (1920)  Calvin Coolidge; Republican (1923)  Herbert Hoover; Republican (1928)  Franklin D. Roosevelt; Democrat (1932)  Harry S. Truman; Democrat (1945)  Dwight D. Eisenhower; Republican (1952)  John F. Kennedy; Democrat (1960)  Lyndon B. Johnson; Democrat (1963)

America: Pathways to the Present Section 1: Origins of the Cold War Section 2: The Cold War Heats Up Section 3: The Korean War Section 4: The Continuing Cold War Chapter 26: The Cold War (1945–1960)

CORE OBJECTIVE: Analyze the origins of the Cold War and evaluate the presidential foreign policies during the Cold War. CORE OBJECTIVE: Analyze the origins of the Cold War and evaluate the presidential foreign policies during the Cold War. Objective 8.4: Describe characteristics of the McCarthy Era. Objective 8.4: Describe characteristics of the McCarthy Era.

Chapter 26 SECTION 4 – The Continuing Cold War During the 1950s, the Cold War spread around the world. At home, McCarthyism caused fear and distrust.

McCARTHYISM McCarthy’s Rise to Power In 1950 Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy, caused a second “Red Scare” of Communist conspiracies within the United States. In 1950 Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy, caused a second “Red Scare” of Communist conspiracies within the United States. McCarthy produced a list of 205 names of presumed Communist- supporting government employees. McCarthy produced a list of 205 names of presumed Communist- supporting government employees. Later, when scrutinized, this list was reduced to 57. Later, when scrutinized, this list was reduced to 57. Although McCarthy’s accusations were usually baseless and unprovable, few were willing to risk their reputations by speaking out against him. Although McCarthy’s accusations were usually baseless and unprovable, few were willing to risk their reputations by speaking out against him. McCarthy’s Fall In early 1954, McCarthyism, the name given to McCarthy’s communist crusade, reached the army. Democrats asked that the hearings between McCarthy and the army be televised, hoping to swing popular opinion against McCarthy. By mid-June 1954, McCarthy had lost even his strongest supporters. The Senate formally condemned him for his actions.

WHO IS JOE MCCARTHY? McCarthyism McCarthyism m/watch?v=n-s6xqd9T8w m/watch?v=n-s6xqd9T8w m/watch?v=n-s6xqd9T8w m/watch?v=n-s6xqd9T8w

The Arms Race Throughout the 1950s, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in an arms race, a struggle to gain weapons superiority. Throughout the 1950s, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in an arms race, a struggle to gain weapons superiority. Deterrence, the policy of maintaining a military arsenal so strong that no enemy will attack for fear of retaliation, resulted in the increasing development of powerful nuclear weapons. Deterrence, the policy of maintaining a military arsenal so strong that no enemy will attack for fear of retaliation, resulted in the increasing development of powerful nuclear weapons. The American policy of brinkmanship involved bringing the United States to the brink of war without actually entering into war. The American policy of brinkmanship involved bringing the United States to the brink of war without actually entering into war.

U.S. FALLS BEHIND To carry bombs to their targets, the Soviet Union developed long-range rockets known as intercontinental ballistic missiles, or ICBMs. To carry bombs to their targets, the Soviet Union developed long-range rockets known as intercontinental ballistic missiles, or ICBMs. In 1957, the Soviets launched the satellite Sputnik, the first satellite to orbit Earth. In 1957, the Soviets launched the satellite Sputnik, the first satellite to orbit Earth. When a Soviet missile shot down an American U-2 spy plane, the resulting U-2 incident shattered American confidence and prompted a desire to surpass Soviet weapons technology. When a Soviet missile shot down an American U-2 spy plane, the resulting U-2 incident shattered American confidence and prompted a desire to surpass Soviet weapons technology.

The Continuing Cold War—Assessment What was the significance of the U-2 incident? (A)It motivated the United States to increase the technological development of its military. (B)It provided the first test of Soviet ICBMs. (C)It led to the development of the hydrogen bomb. (D)It began the Cold War.

The Continuing Cold War—Assessment What was the significance of the U-2 incident? (A)It motivated the United States to increase the technological development of its military. (B)It provided the first test of Soviet ICBMs. (C)It led to the development of the hydrogen bomb. (D)It began the Cold War.

Vocabulary Assessment Which of these choices is the best example of collective security? (A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (B) Security and Exchange Commission (C) The Potsdam Conference (D) The Marshall Plan Which of these best describes Deterrence? (A) Invading communist countries to encourage democracy (B) The plan to contain communism until it fades away (C) involved bringing the United States to the brink of war without actually entering into war. (D) Making your weapons arsenal so strong than enemies are fearful to attack

Vocabulary Assessment Which of these choices is the best example of collective security? (A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (B) Security and Exchange Commission (C) The Potsdam Conference (D) The Marshall Plan Which of these best describes Deterrence? (A) Invading communist countries to encourage democracy (B) The plan to contain communism until it fades away (C) involved bringing the United States to the brink of war without actually entering into war. (D) Making your weapons arsenal so strong than enemies are fearful to attack