Nutrition and Your Health

Journal Entry #4: List 5 of the foods you eat most often for meals or snacks. Then describe why you eat each of these foods. Do you base your choice on the health benefits? Taste or appearance? Convenience?

What influences your food choices? Hunger vs. Appetite Hunger vs. Appetite Social influences Social influences

What is nutrition? The process by which your body takes in and uses food The process by which your body takes in and uses food

What is metabolism? Chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy Chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy

What is a calorie? Unit to measure the amount of energy in a food OR the amount of energy which is released by your body Unit to measure the amount of energy in a food OR the amount of energy which is released by your body

What are the 6 basic nutrients? Nutrients are substances in food that your body needs to grow, repair itself, and supply you with energy. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Fats Fats Proteins Proteins Vitamins Vitamins Minerals Minerals Water Water

Carbohydrates Starches and sugars present in foods Starches and sugars present in foods Simple vs. Complex Simple vs. Complex Fiber Fiber Should make up about 50-60% of your daily calories Should make up about 50-60% of your daily calories 4 calories per gram 4 calories per gram

Fats Why do we need fat in our diet? Why do we need fat in our diet? Unsaturated vs. Saturated Unsaturated vs. Saturated 9 calories per gram 9 calories per gram Should make up less than 30% of your daily calorie intake Should make up less than 30% of your daily calorie intake What is cholesterol? What is cholesterol?

Proteins Help build and maintain body cells and tissues Help build and maintain body cells and tissues Made up of long chains of amino acids Made up of long chains of amino acids Essential amino acids Essential amino acids Complete vs. Incomplete Complete vs. Incomplete 4 calories per gram 4 calories per gram Should make up 15-20% of your daily calories Should make up 15-20% of your daily calories

Vitamins Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients Come from organic substances (plants and animals) Come from organic substances (plants and animals) Required in small amounts Required in small amounts No calories No calories Water soluble vs. fat soluble Water soluble vs. fat soluble What are antioxidants? What are antioxidants? Can you have too much of a good thing? Can you have too much of a good thing?

Minerals Substances that the body cannot manufacture Substances that the body cannot manufacture Needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and regulating vital body processes Needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and regulating vital body processes Come from inorganic substances (not living) Come from inorganic substances (not living) Calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, iron Calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, iron

Water Vital to every body function Vital to every body function Carries waste from cells, lubricates joints and mucous membranes, assists in digestion, absorbs other nutrients, and eliminates waste Carries waste from cells, lubricates joints and mucous membranes, assists in digestion, absorbs other nutrients, and eliminates waste Perspiration helps maintain body temperature Perspiration helps maintain body temperature You need 8 cups of water per day You need 8 cups of water per day –Good sources: water, milk, and juice 65% of your body is made up of water 65% of your body is made up of water