American Imperialism: The Spanish American War

Standards and Objective 7-3.7 Explain the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War and its reflection of the United States’ interest in imperial expansion. Objective: TSWBAT identify the main causes of the Spanish-American War.

American Imperialism/Spanish American War Monroe Doctrine` 1. In 1823, American President James Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the Americas were off limits to further European colonization.

Cuba 2. The first test of the Monroe Doctrine was with Cuba’s fight for independence from Spain. Cuba was unsuccessful, but Jose Marti started a second campaign in 1895. The U.S. decided to help since they had economic interests in Cuba.

Big Causes 3. The Spanish-American War was caused in 1898 by two things: a) U.S. assisted Cuba in their fight for independence b) U.S. used the Monroe Doctrine to justify involvement.

What’s going on?!?

USS Maine 4. The USS Maine was sent over to protect Cuba and surrounding waters for trading. Out of the blue, the USS Maine exploded. The Spanish were blamed and Americans declared war on Spain.

Did the sinking really look like this?

Yellow Journalism 5. The declaration of war delighted American newspapers, because they were scrambling for the most sensational and competitive headlines. This style of reporting is known as yellow journalism.

More Examples

Model: Yellow Journalism Example with Sepoy Rebellion Title:“Vicious Indian dogs attack innocent women and children” In India, nasty vicious sepoys rampaged all over India killing innocent British women and children as well as Indian Christians. Why you might ask? Because of a silly rumor! It’s absurd that they would get so angry over animal fat, which probably isn’t even true.

Assignment: Yellow Journalism Article of Causes Guided Practice: Let’s make a class list of causes. Yellow Journalism Article: Write a sensational article explaining the causes of the Spanish American War! 60% Explanation of Causes (remember to exaggerate) 10% Catchy Title 30% Yellow Journalism Writing Style

Reflect Did we learn our objective today? Objective: TSWBAT identify the main causes of the Spanish-American War.

Exit Question Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Spanish-American War? A. The USS Maine exploded B. The Monroe Doctrine C. Spain killed the Cuban President D. Exaggerated reports called Yellow Journalism.

Standard and Objective 7-3.7 Explain the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War and its reflection of the United States’ interest in imperial expansion, including the nation’s acquisition of the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam; its temporary occupation of Cuba; and its rise as a world power. Objective: TSWBAT identify the effects of the Spanish American War.

Territories Gained 1. The Spanish-American War lasted 4 months. The U.S. first attacked the Philippine Islands (Spanish possession) and started a two-front (two ocean) war. The U.S. won and gained the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico as territories.

Control of Cuba 2. The U.S. placed a military government in Cuba and exerted control over the country’s affairs. Many Cubans resented this. Guantanamo Bay was leased to the U.S. so they could have a major naval base on the island.

Big Stick! 3. There was an increase in U.S. imperialistic desires. 4. In 1904, President Roosevelt declared the U.S. as an international police power in the Western Hemisphere using the Monroe Doctrine to justify intervening in Latin America.

Pair Share: What’s going on in the picture?

The Great White Fleet 5. To show America as a growing political and economic power, President Roosevelt sent the U.S. Navy, known as the Great White Fleet, on a world tour.

Where did the Great White Fleet go?

Panama Canal 6. The U.S. got involved in the Panamanian revolution against Columbia so they could build and control the Panama Canal. *We’re going to watch a video of how it works, so pay attention to how the water rises and falls.

Model: Panama Canal Cartoon (what does it mean?)

Guided Practice: Panama Political Cartoon (what does it mean?)

Groups: Political Cartoon (what does it mean?)

Supremacy!!! 7. Increased involvement led to an economic imperialism that established U.S. supremacy in the Western Hemisphere.

Compare and Contrast

Cause and Effect In the pink envelopes, there is a jumble of causes and effects of the Spanish-American War. In your groups, go through and put all the facts in the right area. Keep in mind, there’s one that doesn’t belong anywhere! So pull that one out when you find it. **If you finish early, rank the causes and effects top to bottom from most important to least.

Cause and Effect Chart Effects: Causes: The USS Maine Explosion US gains territories in Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines Great White Fleet goes on world tour The Panama Canal is built by USA US intervenes more in affairs of other nations around them US supremacy in the Western Hemisphere Cuba under military control by USA Guantanamo Bay leased to USA so they could have major naval base there Increase in US economic imperialistic desires Causes: The USS Maine Explosion Yellow Journalism’s sensational reporting The Monroe Doctrine The US helping Cuba fight for independence

Reflect Did we learn our objective today? Objective: TSWBAT identify the effects of the Spanish American War.

Exit Question Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Spanish-American War? A. The US helped build the Panama Canal B. The Great White Fleet went on a world tour C. The US helped build the Suez Canal D. The US gained the territory of Guam

The Spanish-American War (1898) Causes U.S. wanted to help Cuba win independence from Spain U.S. had economic interests in Cuba U.S. saw Spain’s control of Cuba as a test of Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine: stated that the Americas were off limits to further European colonization U.S. wanted to build an empire U.S. needed raw materials and markets for its goods Strong nationalism Americans wanted their nation to be powerful, wealthy, and competitive with the European powers U.S. newspapers blamed Spain for explosion of USS Maine

The Spanish-American War (1898) Effects U.S. quickly defeated Spain and became a world power U.S. acquired Puerto Rico, Cuba, the Philippines, and Guam U.S. temporarily occupied Cuba and set up a military government Cuba and the Philippines eventually gained independence

Intervention in Latin America Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Declared the U.S. as the police power of the Western Hemisphere Established U.S. “economic imperialism” throughout Latin America Panama U.S. supported Panama’s independence from Colombia in exchange for the right to build and control the Panama Canal

From the introduction: The United States gained recognition as a world power during what war? What U.S. warship exploded in Havana harbor? U.S. victories over Spain caused what to become independent? How long was Cuba a Spanish colony?

Fighting in Cuba, 1898 How many major battles happened in Cuba? How many US. Blockade ships were around Cuba?

America’s Overseas Empire 1903 What oceans holds most of the U.S. territories? What territories were taken in 1867? What are two territories taken in 1898? What year did the U.S. take over the Panama Canal Zone?

Panama Canal Video Clip Diagram Why would the United States want to make the Panama Canal?