SOUTHERN COTTON KINGDOM Chapter 14, LESSON 3 EQ: Why do people make economic choices ?

Vocabulary: Ch. 14, Lesson 3 &4 (Use the Packet) domestic slave trade yeomen Overseer slave codes Underground Railroad Literacy

Rise of the Cotton Kingdom Most Southerners lived along the Atlantic coast in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina in what became known as the Upper South. By 1850 the South had changed. Its population had spread inland to the states of the Deep South – Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. Slavery grew stronger than ever in the South.

Cotton Rules the Deep South The North and mills in Europe demanded cotton. But cotton took time and labor to produce. Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793—cotton production was faster and it increased. Slave could now clean 50 lbs. of cotton a day – instead of one pound by hand.

Cotton Production & Slavery Increased Cotton production increases More workers needed to produce cotton—slavery increased The Upper South became a center for the sale and movement of enslaved people. Domestic slave trade

Southern Economy Unlike the industrial North, the South remained rural, and its economy became increasingly different from the Northern economy. South produced less manufactured good. It had no need to produced goods while it had cotton!

Activity #1 Chapter 14, Lesson 3 Packet Questions #1-8 Write and Answer the Questions Due 8:40 am.

LESSON 4 EQ: How do people adapt to their environment? PEOPLE OF THE SOUTH LESSON 4 EQ: How do people adapt to their environment?

Southern Farmers Most white Southerners were yeomen, tenant farmers, rural poor, or plantation owners. Yeomen: owned small farms Plantation owners: wealthy land owners who owned slaves.

Plantations Making money was the goal of plantation owners. Produced cotton Price of cotton changed season to season, therefore plantations had good and bad years.

Slaves in Plantations Worked in plantations Cleaned house, cooked, did laundry, and served meals Others were trained as blacksmiths, carpenters, or shoemakers. Took care of livestock. Most enslaved Africans were filed hands (worked the land)—an overseer (plantation manager) supervised them. By1808 no more slaves were imported to the USA—it was illegal.

The Lives of Enslaved People They worked hard, earned no money, and had little hope of freedom. Lived in fear Developed a culture (way of life) of their own. Blended African and American elements.

Slave Codes Laws in the Southern states that controlled enslaved people. Made to prevent rebellions Examples Slaves not allowed to meet in large groups Needed written passes to leave slaveholder’s property Teaching slaves to read and write was a crime

Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831

Underground Railroad Enslaved blacks tried to run way to freedom in the North A runaway might receive help from the Underground Railroad A network of “safe houses” owned by people who were against slavery. Most runaways were captured and returned to their owners

Activity Write and Answer the Questions Chapter 14, Lesson 4 Questions #10, 11, and 12 Questions #14 and#15

Assessment: Part I 1. Read North and South and highlight information. Identify the geography/climate, economy, society, and transportation differences between the North and the South during the early 1800’s.

Assessment: Part II 2. Create a table in which you identify geography/climate, economy, society, and transportation differences of the North and South. Differences North South Geography/climate 3 facts Economy Society Transportation

Assessment Part III. Was life in the North and South more similar or different before the Civil War? Why or why not?