The Mathematics Ph.D. Program at Iowa David Manderscheid Professor and Chair Department of Mathematics University of Iowa The National Bureau of Economic Research January 14, 2005

Underrepresented Minorities Definition of underrepresented minorities (“URMs”): U.S. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, American Indians/Alaskan Natives/U.S. Native Pacific Islanders July 2003 U.S. Census estimates: 27.1% of population

Percentages of 2000–01 science and math degrees given to US URM’s BachelorsMastersDoctoral Mathematical sciences 13.8%9.5%6.9% Phys. sciences12.5%8.6%6.1% Comp. science17.0%12.4%5.7% Biological sciences 16.0%11.6%7.5% Engineering13.1%10.3%7.8% Source: Science and Engineering Degrees by Race/Ethnicity of Recipients: 1992–2001, Susan T. Hill and Jean M. Johnson, NSF

US Mathematics Ph.D.’s MaleFemaleTotal Native American 325 African American Hispanic American Total PhDs

Percentages 8% of Ph.D.s to URM’s 1041 Ph.D.s total 4% of total Ph.D.s are URM’s URM’s probably overreported URM’s not uniformly distributed Sources: AMS and NSF data, Abbe Herzig, Bob Megginson

Department Facts At A Glance Teach 7,000 students per year, 120 graduate students and 200 undergraduate majors. Graduate an average of 12 Ph.D.s each year.

Department Facts At A Glance 97% of the department’s graduate students currently supported through teaching or graduate assistantships or fellowships. Over the past five years, 100% of the Department’s Ph.D. graduates secured positions.

UI Mathematics Department URM Enrollment

UI Mathematics Department Primary Grant Sources Alfred P. Sloan Foundation US Department of Education Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) National Science Foundation

UI Mathematics Department Initiatives A three-week intensive Summer Institute for incoming students Weekly help sessions throughout the academic year Intensive mentoring, a community of mentors Senior teaching assistants as peer mentors in first year graduate courses. A year long weekly seminar: “Introduction to the graduate program” Summer preparatory courses for Comprehensive Exams Multi-year offers Faculty led effort

Louis Beaugris Hometown: Queens, NY Undergrad: CCNY Status: Ph.D. May 2002 Research Area: Algebraic Coding Theory Assistantships / Internships: GAANN fellowship and Teaching Assistantship Current Position: Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Kean University, NJ

Sharon Lima Hometown: Los Angeles, CA Undergrad: Loyola Marymount Status: Ph.D. student, postcomps Research Interest: Ring Theory Assistantships / Internships: GAANN Fellow, teaching assistant; research assistant, Sloan Fellow Aspirations: To be a university professor who can balance research and teaching. Wants to become involved with diversity issues. “I feel that I would be able to help other minority students to succeed at the university/college level.”

Dandrielle Lewis Hometown: Elizabethtown, NC Undergrad: Winston Salem Status: Ph.D. student, precomps Area of Interest: Pure Mathematics Assistantships / Internships: GAANN Fellow, AGEP Fellow Aspirations: Hopes to develop a math and science program that increases abstract thinking & reasoning skills among students, particularly minorities.

Abukuse Mbirika Hometown: Bronx, NY Undergrad: Sonoma State Status: 1 st year Ph.D. program Areas of Interest: Number Theory and Representation Theory Support: Univ. of Iowa Presidential Fellowship Aspiration: Professor at a research university

Success Facts: Program’s Success To Date The change in composition of the graduate student population has created significant change in the Department's culture. Majority students have availed themselves of many of the initiatives initially created to help minority students, such as closer mentoring and greater interaction with classmates, faculty and staff. Friendships and close working relationships have sprung from these interactions.

Success Facts: Program’s Success To Date Cultural, ethnic and gender inclusion have become the norm The new environment has become a successful recruiting tool for the department – 58% of Ph.D. students are US citizens and 44% are women

Success Facts: Program’s Success To Date 5 URM Ph.D.s, 3 expected this year, anticipated steady state of 3 per year Of the students who did not complete the program, the substantial majority have received MS degrees and many are in doctoral programs in other STEM fields

Lessons Learned The academic community of a predominantly white institution has a strong, yet largely unexamined cultural component. Students from varied backgrounds have varied expectations of the graduate school experience. Students can be chosen on the basis of potential and work ethic, not traditional measures. You must meet them where they are at, however. Everything is easier when one out of every four of your graduate students is a URM.

URM’s in STEM Graduate Programs We must build “regions of diversity.” We must understand and respect the hopes and aspirations of the students whom we serve. We must build close working and personal relationships with minority-serving institutions.

Institutionalization and Growth Institutionalized at math department level Iowa AGEP NSF-Iowa Alliance for the Production of African American Ph.D.s in the Mathematical Sciences

NSF-Iowa Alliance for the Production of African American Ph.D.s in the Mathematical Sciences (APAAPMS)

APAAPMS GOALS Identify students at participating HBCUs who have the potential to obtain an advanced degree in a mathematical science or a field employing mathematical skills and methods. Provide mentoring, nurturing and research experiences for these students throughout their undergraduate careers. Build bridges between participating HBCUs and majority institutions to provide a seamless transition to graduate school.

Scholars are assigned two mentors: one from their undergraduate institution and one from an Iowa Regents Institution. Iowa Regents mentors visit the Scholars’ undergraduate institutions several times each year and maintain close contact via telephone and to develop individualized courses of study and research projects. Scholars are encouraged to spend at least one summer at an Iowa Regents university. Scholars and their mentors participate in an annual Alliance Conference at one of the HBCUs. Scholars receive an annual stipend of $5,000 for which they must perform assigned projects. The APAAPMS Scholars Program

An opportunity for 24 students to spend 8 weeks during the summer at one of the three Iowa Regents Institutions to conduct research and prepare for graduate school. Students learn about the variety of research areas and career paths available to them Students are introduced to life and work at a large, majority university. Provides opportunity for interaction between students and professors from both minority and majority institutions. Provides students with exposure to distinguished minority scholars and other supporters of minority scholarship. APAAPMS Summer Research Experience