Baltimore LTER Nutrient and Bacterial Fluxes in Urban Watersheds of the Gwynns Falls, Baltimore, MD.   Belt, K. T.1, P. M. Groffman2, L. Band3, N. Law3,

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Presentation transcript:

Baltimore LTER Nutrient and Bacterial Fluxes in Urban Watersheds of the Gwynns Falls, Baltimore, MD.   Belt, K. T.1, P. M. Groffman2, L. Band3, N. Law3, and G. T. Fisher4. 1 US Forest Service/Baltimore Ecosystem Study, 2 Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 3 University of North Carolina, 4 US Geological Survey

Urban Land Use Change

Stream Temperatures…Base & Stormflow

Suburban vs. Forested Watersheds

The Urban Hydrograph Urban Forested

Stream Storm Drain Outfall & Gage Storm Drain Conduits 42” 36” Storm Drain Conduits 18” 36” 18” Drainage Boundary Storm Drain Conduit Manhole Access Inlet & Catchbasin

Channel Incision I. Natural Channel with Connected Riparian Zone Stream Water Table II. Channel with Incision Due to Increased Runoff Channel Erosion Nonfunctional Floodplain Dry Riparian Soils

Gravity Sewers… Interwoven with Fluvial Systems Main Line Interceptor Feeder Lines

Sewer Leakage Paths to Streams Feeder Line Stream Main Sewer Interceptor Pipeline

Civil infrastructure becomes part of the stream system The Urban Hydrologic System Civil infrastructure becomes part of the stream system Artificial Channels Stormdrains Water Supply Impervious Surface Septic Systems Groundwater Stream Wastewater

McDonogh Weir Rognel Hts Storm Sewer Carroll Park Main Channel

Urban Watersheds with More Baseflow?

Nitrate In the Urban-Rural Gradient 2 3 1

Urban…Greater Annual Runoff

Annual Nitrate Yields

Annual Phosphate Yields

A Little Leakage…Goes a Long Way

Restoration Objectives…Multiple Choices

Pathogens in Urban Watersheds Fecal Coliforms are used as indicators of sewage contamination…but

Disproportionate Impacts…Public Health Issues ?

Glyndon: 80 % of Nitrogen is Missing… Where did it go? Input: Fertilizer, 21.5 23.5 Input: Atmospheric Deposition ? 8.5 Monitoring Station Output: Measured Loads in the Stream 6.5 Kg/ha/yr

Researchers Lawrence Band Ken Belt Mark Colosimo Peter Groffman Neely Law Gary Fisher Institutions IES Forest Service Johns Hopkins UNC NRCS USGS Students/Techs Alex Kalejs Jessica Hopkins Nate Forand Evan Grant Alan Lorefice Steve Kenworthy Alysia Perry Emilie Stander Amanda Thimmayya Ian Yesilonis

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