Southern Colonies Maryland Founded In 1632 Founded by Lord Baltimore Presented by Julia Gwozdz and Michael Stancy

Geographical Characteristics and Climate The growing season was long. The crops could grow for seven or eight months. The land was warm and damp. The region was perfect for growing tobacco and rice. The southern coast is a watery world of rivers, bays, and wet lands. The climate and soil of the tidewater were excellent for farming. In the summer it was really hot. Rich landowners cleared forests and planted tobacco. Most was covered with thick forests.

Reason For Settlement ► They wanted a refuge for Catholics. ► They also settled so Christians could worship freely.

Religious Beliefs  They were Catholic.  They wanted to worship freely.  Catholics in England were often punished for their religious beliefs.

Government The Government passed the Toleration act in The Government passed the Toleration act in The Toleration Act was the first law in North America to promise that all Christians could worship freely. The Toleration Act was the first law in North America to promise that all Christians could worship freely. 1608—John Smith charts Chesapeake Bay for England 1631—William Claiborne established a trading post on Kent Island 1634—Leonard Calvert buys land from the Indians 1649—The Religious Toleration Act passes 1664—Slavery becomes legal 1775—Maryland enters the Revolutionary War 1788—Maryland becomes the 7th state in the Union 1791—Maryland gives up land to create Washington D.C. 1814—Francis Scott Key writes “The Star-Spangled Banner” in Baltimore 1828—The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad begin America’s first railway 1844—First telegraph message is sent from Baltimore to Washington DC 1862—The Battle of Antietam 1876—John Hopkins University opens in Baltimore 1904—Baltimore’s downtown is destroyed in the Great Fire 1952—Chesapeake Bay Bridge opens 1954—Baltimore’s public schools are desegregated

Education Reading, writing, and dancing, and music for the rich. Reading, writing, and dancing, and music for the rich. Reading and writing for the poor if their parents taught them. Reading and writing for the poor if their parents taught them. The rich hired teachers to instruct the children. The rich hired teachers to instruct the children.

Agriculture/Manufacturing  Agriculture was tobacco,rice,wheat, corn, and indigo.  Manufacturing was shipbuilding and iron works.

Settlements/Homes  Some people lived in simple wooden cabins and some people live in grand mansions.  Grand mansion were often decorated with fine furniture.  The planter’s family usually lived in grand mansions.  Simple wooden cabins were homes for most farming families.

Towns/Cities  Chesapeake Bay was one of the towns.  By mid-1700s, however, several ports in the South had grown into large cities.  Other cities in Maryland are Baltimore and Annapolis.

Other Interesting Facts  The colony of Maryland began in 1632,when King Charles 1 of England gave land in North America to Cecilius Calvert.  Maryland became a state in April 28,1788.

Important People To Know Some important people to know are King Charles 1, Cecilius Calvert, Lord Baltimore, and Eliza Lucas Pinckney. Eliza Lucas Pinckney found a easier way to grow tobacco. Lord Baltimore found Maryland. Cecilius Calvert got land from King Charles 1. King Charles 1 gave land to Cecilius Calvert.