Sources and Processes Affecting the Chemical and Physical Properties of Denver Aerosol during DISCOVER-AQ FRAPPÉ/DISCOVER-AQ Science Team Meeting 4 May.

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Presentation transcript:

Sources and Processes Affecting the Chemical and Physical Properties of Denver Aerosol during DISCOVER-AQ FRAPPÉ/DISCOVER-AQ Science Team Meeting 4 May 2015 Christopher J. Hennigan University of Maryland, Baltimore County

DISCOVER-AQ Colorado 2014 Image from NASA

UMBC Measurement Approach PM2.5 Organic Carbon (OC) Elemental Carbon (EC) Sunset Labs OCEC Field Analyzer Time resolution: 30-min sample every 45 min PM2.5 Inorganic Composition: (Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-) Particle-into-Liquid Sampler with dual Ion Chromatographs (PILS-IC) Time resolution: 20-min samples

UMBC PM2.5 - Comprehensive NREL-Golden ground site

DISCOVER-AQ: Aerosol Concentrations Predominance of organic aerosol species (Average = 75% of fine aerosol mass)

Primary vs. Secondary OC in Denver

Topography of Denver Image from NASA

Diurnal wind profile (local Time) 0:00 to 3:00 3:00 to 6:00 6:00 to 9:00 9:00 to 12:00 12:00 to 15:00 15:00 to 18:00 18:00 to 21:00 21:00 to 00:00 NREL-Golden Diurnal wind profile (local Time) Wind Speed (m/s) > 10 8.5 < 1.4 7.0 5.5 3.9 2.4 1.9 1.4

Local vs. Regional Sources · Red dot: active oil/gas well WD: 09:00-15:00 local WD: 18:00-09:00 local (Thompson et al., Elementa, 2014)

Golden: Local vs. Regional Sources NREL-Golden UMBC measurements ~30% of Denver’s summertime PM2.5 appears to be from ‘local’ sources ~2.5 µg m-3 increase in PM2.5 (northeast source)

Golden: Local vs. Regional Sources NREL-Golden UMBC measurements Increase in PM2.5: OM: +1.25 µg m-3 (x 1.25 increase) NH4NO3: +1.0 µg m-3 (x 3 increase) SO42-: +0.15 µg m-3 (x 1.25 increase) EC: +0.1 µg m-3 (x 2 increase)

Local Sources: Transport vs. Chemistry NREL-Golden UMBC measurements

DISCOVER-AQ: Dust and Fire Impacts Only major fire impact at NREL-Golden appears to be 18-20 July 2014 P-3 and C-130 flights on 20140720

DISCOVER-AQ: Dust and Fire Impacts Highest OC concentrations measured at NREL-Golden corresponded to K+ events

DISCOVER-AQ: Dust and Fire Impacts 5-day back trajectory Fire and Thermal Anomalies 15 July 2014 Terra and Aqua/MODIS

DISCOVER-AQ: Dust and Fire Impacts

DISCOVER-AQ: Dust and Fire Impacts Major dust impacts at NREL-Golden appear to be: 21-23 July 2014 P-3 and C-130 flights on 20140722 and 20140723

Aerosol Light Extinction

Contributions to Aerosol Light Extinction

DISCOVER-AQ: Preliminary Conclusions Summer 2014: Aerosol composition in Golden was dominated by organics: most of this OA was secondary Most of the PM was regional (~70%), but a strong local signature was evident most days (~30% of PM) – sources of the local PM (OM, NH4NO3, EC) need to be investigated Aerosol extinction also showed a mid-day enhancement due to local sources (likely) and chemistry Identified periods of fire and dust impact during the study (overall - limited) Ongoing: ground-aircraft connections + BL evolution Question: spatial distribution of aerosols during study (CAMP-Golden comparison)?

Acknowledgements UMBC – CBEE Jared Johnson Jessica Izumi Michael Valerino UMBC – Physics/JCET Ray Hoff Daniel Orozco Ruben Delgado

Backup Figures

Sources of SOA: Regional

Diurnal wind profile (local time) 0:00 to 3:00 3:00 to 6:00 6:00 to 9:00 9:00 to 12:00 12:00 to 15:00 15:00 to 18:00 18:00 to 21:00 21:00 to 00:00 CAMP Diurnal wind profile (local time) Wind Speed (m/s) > 10 8.5 < 1.4 7.0 5.5 3.9 2.4 1.9 1.4

NREL vs. CAMP Wind