Progressive and the Gilded Age Chapter 20-21
I. Progressives 1.Society’s ills needed to be cured 2.Progressives 3.Rational planning; social engineering 4.Middle Class
Progressives (cont’d) 5.Beliefs 1.Anger over Industrialization 2.Reject Social Darwinism 3.Citizens get involved in reform 4.Persuasion;force
II. Reasons for Change 1.Science 2.Evangelical Protestantism 1.Both sought behavior control 3.Journalism 1.Muckraking 2.Ida Tarbell
4.Joseph Pulitzer 5.Jacob Riis 6.Upton Sinclair 7.William Randolph Hearst 1.Creates sections 2.War with Pulitzer 8.Exposed bad side of American life; helped Progressive Movement
III. Social Gospel 1.Kingdom of God social justice 2.Josephine Lowell 3.Jane Addams 4.Settle House Movement 1.Hull House 2.Culture/refinement to the poor
Social Gospel (cont’d) 5.Social Uplift Social Reform 6.Focus on 1.Education 2.Health 3.Work 7.Other middle-class--educated—bored women Settlement Houses 8.Women become the influence of the Progressive Movement
Social Gospel (cont’d) 9. Public Education 10.Poor kids/immigrants 11.Assimilate middle-class values
IV. Other Reforms 1.City Beautification 1.Parks 2.Playgrounds 3.Nature, etc… 2.Garbage collection/street lights
Other Reforms (cont’d) 3.Prostitution-another “social evil” 4.“White slave trade”? 5.Progressives: immigration and prostitution 6.“White Slave Trade”—only reason women sold their body
Other Reforms (cont’d) 7.Why women sold themselves? 1.Poverty 2.Desperation 3.Ignorance 8.Progressives pray/protest brothels
Other Reforms (cont’d) 9.Mann Act, Banned interstate Transport of females For “immoral purposes”
V. Temperance 1.Public temperance prohibition 2.Women’s Christian Temperance Movement (WCTM) Chicago 4.Frances Willard-Head 5.Stop: consumption, Production, sale of alcohol
Temperance 6.State to prohibit 7.Improving society Progress
Temperance 8.Anti-Saloon League 9.Alcohol Consumption Increases!
10.18 th Amendment 11. Production/Sale/ transportation of alcohol
VI. Women’s Suffrage 1.15 th Amendment omits women WY; 1 st to enfranchise women WY becomes state during Pr.M AWSA: American Women’s Suffrage Association 5.NWSA: National Women’s Suffrage Association
Women’s Suffrage (cont’d) 6.“Revolution”-(failed after 2 yrs.) 7.Nov. 1, Susan B. Anthony 8.S.B. Anthony allies with WCTU VOTE NWSA & AWSA merge-NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION
Women’s Suffrage (cont’d) 10.Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1 st president college attendance; nurses; doctors, scientists 12.Anti-suffragists 1.Harms sex roles 2.Not progress states allow some voting… 14.Must wait 18 more years…
VII. Segregation 1.Lynching 2.Kept blacks socially/politically inferior 1.Poll taxes 2.Intimidation 3.Literacy tests 3.Jim Crow laws—segregation laws
Segregation (cont’d) 4.Plessy v. Ferguson “Separate but Equal” 5.Southerners believed blacks ignorant 6.Race hatred becomes accepted 7.Ida Wells 1.Exposed lynchings 2.Premeditated & planned—not spontaneous
VIII. Booker T. Washington 1.Accept segregation, if EQUAL 2.Don’t challenge segregation until blacks became educated, powerful, self-improved 3.Passive approached 4.Thrift, hardwork, economic progress, need skills and education 5.Tuskegee Institute, Temp. adhere to segregation; whites believed he represented all blacks
IX. WEB DuBois 1.1 st black to graduate from Harvard 2.Led Niagara Falls Movement 1.“Anti-Bookerites” 2.Uncompromising demand for civil/political equality helps establish bi-racial NAACP 4.Remove legal, racial, economic barriers to equality.