WORLD BANK AVIAN INFLUENZA SIMULATION EXERCISE Exploring Cross-Sectoral Communications

Background Avian Influenza in Africa Role of the Africa Avian Influenza Task Force Funding Availability Africa Country Programs Collaboration between ESSD, HNP & Communications Capacity Building of Staff through Workshop Strengthening technical capacity Improving cross-sectoral collaboration interactive role-play Ministry exercise

Introductions

National Plans-AI Simulations Orientation Table-top exercise Drill Functional exercise Full-scale exercise

Scope of AI Simulations Outbreak and/or Pandemic

Orientation An introduction to acquaint participants with: Planning Process Overview of the National Plan Procedures Equipment Group setting Little or no simulation Discussion possible, but not interactive Best for ensuring that personnel understand their roles and responsibilities

Table-Top Exercises Interactive learning exercise Facilitated analysis of a simulated emergency situation, based on existing operational plans Informal and stress-free environment Designed to elicit constructive discussion as participants: Act out critical steps Recognize difficulties Resolve problems Best for familiarizing with roles, demonstrating proper coordination, examining logic of plans and integrating new policies into the decision making process

Drills Coordinated and Supervised activity Focuses on only a small part of the integrated national plan Tests a operation or function onsite Culling Drill

Functional Exercise Emergency simulation Interactive under medium stress May be cross-sectoral Designed to test the capability of an organization Held in emergency agency environment Field operations simulated through messages Best for training and evaluating operations and management.

Full Scale Exercise Mobilizes several components of the plan simultaneously Simulates a real event as closely as possible by including a field component Designed to evaluate on-scene management and operational capacity of systems with command center coordination Highly stressful environment Serves to evaluate entire plan

Time & Preparation Required Orientation 2 weeks; participants need no prior training Table-Top Exercise 1 month; scenario development, facilitator and evaluator training, participant selection Drill 1 month; easy to design, participants need orientation Functional Exercise 6-18 months; staff need experience in functions being tested, controllers and evaluators training, prior drills Full-Scale Exercise 1-1 ½ years; prior table-top, drill and functional exercises

Business Continuity Simulation Corporate senior management Non-business groups represented: Government, Healthcare, and International Organizations Operations consequences and loss of income due to: Workforce shortages Supply chain disruptions

WB Avian Influenza Exercise Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders Tabletop exercise Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3) Pandemic Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact.

Role-Playing 101 Similar to acting, but more sincere Forget ones actual position with WB or a Partner Organization Imagine actually representing the Ministry Embrace that perspective, limitations, private agendas, etc. Be that other person for the exercise There are no right or wrong behaviors

WB Avian Influenza Exercise Role Play vs Actual Stakeholders Tabletop exercise Act out steps, identify difficulties & solve problems Coordination, plan logic, integrate new policies Focus on Outbreak and Suspected Human Case (WHO Phase 3) Pandemic Human Infection(s) with a new subtype, but no human-to-human spread, or at most rare instances of spread to a close contact.

Zilmania Suspension of disbelief semi-conscious decision in which you put aside your disbelief and accept the premise as being real for the duration of the exercise Country Narrative Visual Cues: Flag Television Newscast Assignments to Ministries

Scenario Variables Remote village 30km from any city Governed by headsman Diseased chickens from backyard farm Child in contact with sick birds is suspected case Neither media nor vet/health infrastructure Capitol of Baharu 4 million population 19 large commercial poultry farms and 600 small or middle-size farms large-scale bird deaths among 40,000 chickens at one farm Poultry worker suspected case Mass media and infrastructure RuralUrban

How the Scenarios Differed As in real life, the Ministries in the exercise were given different information and private agendas PROPRIETARY information in different scenarios: Sector appropriate info Level of detail AND Information on political sensitivities Information on power dynamics

MOA/MOH/MOC; Shareholders to Consider Handout Ministries: Agriculture Health Communications Army Transportation Finance Commerce Tourism Education Other Government: President/Prime Minister Parliament Partner Organizations: FAO OiE WHO ALive CDC Unicef World Bank Bilateral Donors Poultry Association Civil Society Groups

Progression of the Exercise Role-Play Briefing, Zilmanian Citizenship & Narrative, Sectoral AI Scenarios Ministry Forums

Materials Developed Zilmania Narrative Flag TV Urban and Rural scenario Background information for each ministry Commodity prices for budget preparation List of Stakeholders Technical material binders Questions/Outputs to address Facilitation guidelines for execution of exercise

Progression of the Exercise RolePlay Briefing, Zilmanian Citizenship and Narrative, Sectoral AI Scenarios Ministry ForumsInstitutional ArrangementPress Conference

Progression of the Exercise RolePlay Briefing, Zilmanian Citizenship and Narrative, Sectoral AI Scenarios Ministry ForumsInstitutional ArrangementPress ConferenceShift to Stakeholder Role-Play

Outcomes Reinforced knowledge of technical issues Brought to the forefront the importance of inter-sectoral communications and collaboration Saw the need for effective external communications

Nigeria AI Project HPAI confirmed in Nigeria Feb. 2, 2006 Between Feb and April 2007, outbreaks in 84 localities in 24 states IDA loan of $50 million Facility effective June 22, 2006 Emergency Multi-Sectoral Project: Response and containment Control and Prevention Preparedness and Planning

Project Implementation Problems Supervision Mission in May 2007 indicated slow implementation due to: Project management structured under existing and separate Agricultural and Health programs (FADAMA II and HSDP II) Lack of effective Monitoring and Evaluation and no clear, prioritized action plans for the 3 components Weak inter-ministerial collaboration Interventions not reaching the field level

Addressing the Sectoral Divide AgCommHealth Ag CommHealth Workshop for Government Ministers, Federal Sector Coordinators, and 74 State Officials AI simulation exercise will be used to help strengthen AI technical plan and improve inter-sectoral collaboration

Comments; Questions, Discussion