Week 3

 Assessed Exercise 1  Working with ranges

 Multiple representations Different thing in different cases  Single cell Collection of cells The handle to the thing you want to work with

 Many operations in Excel are range operations. Select, copy, format, enter values or formulas  Important to automate range operations with VBA.  Ranges can be absolute or relative  The Range object has properties and methods.  Use the Object Browser in the VBE to look up any specific property or method.  For more examples of ranges in VBA look at the examples in the file Ranges.xls. 4

 Use an address Follow Range with an address in double quotes: Range(“A1:A10”)  Use a range name Follow Range with the range name in double quotes: Range(“Sales”)  Use the Offset property  Use a Range object variable  Use the End property (xlDown, xlUp, xlToRight, xlToLeft) You do not need to know the size of the range 5

 You can refer to a range literally, using the Excel cell references in double quotes:  MsgBox Range("B1:F1").Address  MsgBox "The first score for the first employee is " & Range("B2").Value

 You can apply a name to a range: Range("B1:F1").Name = "ScoreNames“  Then use the range: Range(“ScoreNames").Font.Bold = True  And remove names: ActiveWorkbook.Names("ScoreNames").Delete

You can refer to cells within a named range: Range("B2:F19").Name = "ScoreData“ MsgBox Range(“ScoreData”).Cells(2,3).Value (returns the value in D3)

 Select Select method is like highlighting  Range(“B2:F5”).Select  Activate Makes this cell “live” (only works on a single cell range, does not affect any “selection”)  Range(“E3”).Activate Can activate a workbook or worksheet  Worksheets(“Practice2”).Activate  As seen with macros can use “ActiveCell” and “Selection” as handles

 Offset(rows,cols) is a property that allows you to refer to a cell offset from a range.  For example:  Activecell.offset(rows,cols); or  Selection.offset(rows,cols); or  Range("D12").offset(rows,cols)  Use with ActiveCell and with.End(xldown)

 By using A1 as an anchor, all the offset property can be used where the actual range is unknown or variable With Range("A1") Range(.Offset(0, 1),.Offset(0,1).End(xlToRight)).Name = _ "ScoreNames" Range(.Offset(1, 0),.Offset(1,0).End(xlDown)).Name = _ "EmployeeNumbers" Range(.Offset(1, 1),.Offset(1,1).End(xlDown).End(xlToRight)).Name = _ "ScoreData" End With

 You can refer to columns or rows either in reference to the whole sheet or to a range or selection – for example, Columns(2).select is as follows:  The principle is the same for Rows. Rows(3) is the 3 rd row in the sheet.

This sub formats the cells in the range ScoreNames. Using “With” avoids repetition With Range("ScoreNames").HorizontalAlignment = xlRight.Interior.ColorIndex = 5 With.Font.Bold = True.ColorIndex = 3.Size = 16 End With.EntireColumn.AutoFit End With

 Formulas Range(“B20”).Formula =“=AVERAGE(B2:B19)” Range(“B20”).FormulaR1C1 = "=AVERAGE(R[-18]C:R[-1]C)" Note R1C1 notation See Range9 for an example of applying a formula to several cells (like using autofill)

ActiveSheet.Rows(Rows.Count).Select MsgBox Selection.Count Sub Rangetest() MsgBox “The current selection is “ & Selection.Rows.Count & _ “ rows high and” & Selection.Columns.Count & “ columns wide” End Sub Worksheets.count The number of worksheets in a workbook (file) Workbooks.count The number of currently open files Columns.count the number of columns in the current sheet Rows.count the number of rows in the current sheet Cells.count the number of cells in the current sheet

 A region is a range of filled cells, bounded by empty cells. The current region is where the currently selected cell is: it includes all non-blank cells “touching” the current cell.  As long as you have one cell in the region selected, you can press Ctrl-Shift-8 (i.e., Ctrl-*) to select the region  This shortcut key corresponds to a line of code: Selection.CurrentRegion.Select

 Use the wk03empscrnameranges file to complete the following tasks Name cell A1 as Title Name the headings in row 3 as Headings Name the employee numbers in column A as EmpNumbers Name the range of scores as Scores  With reference to the names above write a sub that performs the following tasks: Make cell A1 bold and size 14 Make the headings on row 3 bold, italic and right aligned Change the font colour for the employee numbers in column A to blue Change the background of the scores cells to light grey (Hint: use the Interior property) Enter the label “Averages” in cell A22 and make it bold Enter a formula in B22 that calculates the average. Copy the formula to C22:F22

 For Each Loops

.Cells Used to refer to a particular cell. Range(“A1:A10”).Cells(3) refers to the third cell in the range Range(“A1:A10”).Cells(3,2) refers to the cell in row 3, column 2 .Font Returns a reference to the font of the range. Can change font properties Range(“A1:A10”).Font.Bold = true .Formula Returns or sets a formula in a range as a string. Range(“A11”).Formula = “SUM(A1:A10)” .Interior Returns a reference to the interior of a cell Often used to change background colour Range(“A1:A10”).Interior.Color = vbRed .Name Returns or sets the name of a range. Range(“A1:B10”).Name = “Sales” 19

.Value Returns or sets the value in the cell. Default property for a Range object (can be omitted). Usually used for a single-cell range. unitPrice = Range(“A11”).Value or unitPrice = Range(“A11”) .Offset Returns a reference relative to a range. The range is usually a single cell. Very useful property, used constantly in most applications. It takes two arguments: row offset and column offset. Range(“A5”).Offset(2,3) = start in cell A5, go 2 rows down, 3 columns to the right. Use a positive offset to go down and a negative offset to go up. Use a positive offset to go to the right and a negative offset to go to the left. 20

.Clear Deletes values and formatting from the range. .ClearContents Deletes only values (and formulas). .Copy Copies a range. One optional argument: destination. Range(“A1:B10”).Copy Destination:=Range(“E1:F10”) .Paste Pastes clipboard contents to the range. Can have different arguments indicating how to paste. Range(“E1:F10”).PasteSpecial Paste:=xlPasteValue .Select Selects a range. Equivalent to highlighting a range in Excel. 21