70’S

1970S  Turn in your 5 for 5 homework assignment

A TURNING POINT  Social Movements from 1960s advanced.  Backlash by Americans feeling economic insecurity and loss.  Contributes to rightward turn in American politics.  New Deal liberal reform movement shattered.  Culture wars we are still fighting.

1960S HANGOVER  National exhaustion from the reform and conflict of the 1960s, but still an ongoing commitment to social change by:  Environmentalists, feminists, gays and lesbians, people of color

ENVIRONMENTALISM  Rachel Carson and DDT  Fossil fuels and chemicals threatening global warming.  Nixon-  Environmental Protection agency  Set air & water pollution standards for cities  Endangered Species Act-  Protect fish & wildlife threatened with extinction.

 Equality of rights  Jobs  Government  Education  1973 Roe v Wade  Supreme Court decision that, on the basis of the right to privacy, gave women an unrestricted right to abortion during the first three months of pregnancy.  Phyllis Schlafly  Opposed WLM  Stated equal rights would attack a woman’s right to be protected & supported by men. WOMEN’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT

 11 Israeli Athletes killed by terrorist organization “Black September” 1972 MUNICH OLYMPICS  Watch the link below  1972 Munich Massacre 1972 Munich Massacre

 Détente- effort to relieve tension between the U.S. and China & Soviet Union.  China & U.S. agree to make strides for peace. NIXON VISITS CHINA Nixon visit China Mmmm, tasty

 1 st U.S. president to visit since WWII.  Moscow Summit  SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)  Limit Nuclear Arms  Exchange scientific information NIXON VISITS USSR.

 Break-in  looking for campaign info from the democratic party headquarters.  Burglars caught  News reports reveal one of the burglars was ex-CIA.  Rumors of Whitehouse involvement  Nixon  Did not order break-in  Did order the cover up  Tapes  Missing 18 ½ min.  Nixon refused to give up tapes  Executive privilege  Threaten national security  Supreme Court orders Nixon to release tapes  Tapes revealed Nixon ordered CIA to stop FBI investigation  Vice President Agnew  Resigns, he had taken bribes.  Gerald Ford appointed new vice President  Nixon resigns before he is impeached. WATERGATE BREAK IN 1972

PRESIDENT GERALD FORD “ Our long national nightmare is over. ”  Ford pardons Nixon.

 US dependent on Foreign oil.  OPEC placed embargo on nations that supported Israel ( US supports Israel )  U.S. suffered fuel shortages and high gas prices.  Rising prices + economic stagnation (unemployment, low wages) + STAGFLATION ECONOMIC CRISIS O rganization of P etroleum E xporting C ountries

OIL ROSE FROM $3 TO $34 A BARREL ( )  Rationing for Gasoline  Dept. of Energy created  Restrictions on Fuel

 Pres. Ford pardoned Nixon  Approval rating dropped  Carter promised to  Restore morality & honesty to govt.  Welfare reform  National Medicare ELECTION OF 1976

“ I WILL NEVER LIE TO YOU. ” -- PRESIDENT JIMMY CARTER  An ineffective president.  Micromanaged affairs  Played the outsider and alienated potential insider allies.  Economic problems too big.

CARTER  Returned the Panama Canal to Panama  Camp David Accords  Peace treaty between warring Egypt & Israel.  U.S. diplomatic relations w/ China  Dept. of Energy  SALT II with USSR

LOSS OF INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE  Fall of Saigon, 1975  Communist N. Vietnam overthrows Democratic S. Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh City)  Crumbling relations between U.S. and Soviet Union  Soviet Union supports revolutions in Africa and invades Afghanistan in 1979.

 Argo Intro Argo Intro IRANIAN REVOLUTION

 overthrow of Iran's monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic Republic. Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi was replaced by the cleric Ayatollah Khomeini. IRANIAN REVOLUTION 1979

IRANIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS  53 Americans are taken hostage from the U.S. embassy in Iran in  Failed U.S. helicopter rescue mission reinforces sense of helplessness.

 Television  Took more risks  Challenged the status quo.  Social issues  Criticized government  Mary Tyler Moore  Single professional working woman  All in the Family  Racism  Ignorant bigotry TELEVISION  Watch the clip below….  Listen to what Archie Bunker says about the energy crisis vs. technology  Archie vs Democrats Archie vs Democrats How did the Mary Tyler Moore show break the stereotype of Women. Mary Tyler Moore

ARCHIE BUNKER ON GUN CONTROL Watch the link below  Archie on Gun Control Archie on Gun Control

 Revival in Movies  Distraction from bad economy  Source of entertainment  New technology  Sound FX  Visual FX 70’S MOVIES

 USA v. USSR  1980 Lake Placid Olympics  Morale low in nation  One of the biggest upsets in sports history  Helped lift America from a decade of gloom and despair, reviving patriotism and nationalism “MIRACLE ON ICE”  Miracle on Ice Miracle on Ice

VOTER REVOLT  Americans seething with frustration at elected leaders and the political system.  With economic troubles and international humiliation, Carter defeated in 1980 election.

 NRA National Riffle Association  Openly supported a presidential candidate for the first time since it began  Moral Majority  Fundamental Christians  Rev. Jerry Farwell  Religious push to get the Bible to influence American politics. NEW CONSERVATISM

 Coalition of  Evangelicals  Catholics  Conservatives  Corporate leaders  Comprised to fight against  Business Regulation  Policies that were anti  Minorities  Homosexuals  Welfare recipients  Feminist NEW RIGHT $

1980 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION Ronald Reagan- (R) Jimmy Carter- (D)

 Path to White House  College baseball announcer  Motivational speaker  Actor  President Screen actors guild  Governor of Cali RONALD REAGAN

 This one question days before the election turned the undecided voters to Reagan!  Reagan Reagan “Are you better off than you were four years ago?”

Republicans won control of the United States Senate for the first time in 28 years