+ Renaissance Music (Sacred) An introduction. + Renaissance – rebirth (1475-1600) Art, architecture, literature and music share characteristics of the.

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Presentation transcript:

+ Renaissance Music (Sacred) An introduction

+ Renaissance – rebirth ( ) Art, architecture, literature and music share characteristics of the period Printing enabled ideas to be shared across Europe The role of the church impacts on cultural life and music in particular e.g. Luther (1517), Calvin (1530), Henry VIII (1534) Roman Catholic counter reformation e.g. Palestrina ( ), Victoria ( ), Lassus ( ) and G. Gabrieli (( ) writing music according to the Council of Trent ( ) Josquin des Prez ( ) using the music to enhance the text – Musica Reservata

+ Sacred Music Sacred music in the Renaissance developed from the Medieval plainsong It had developed from Medieval practice of using monophony, adding an organum part and layering voices using imitation Renaissance part writing became more polyphonic, but used more regularity in rhythmic writing Mass and motet

+ Features of Renaissance style 1 Intervals – influenced by plainsong, largely stepwise movement but including 3 rd, 4 th and occasionally a perfect 5 th. Leaps are usually followed by stepwise movement in opposite direction Part writing was usually consonant (3 rds and 6 ths )between parts. 5 ths and 8ves were used for weak beats. 8ves were used at the beginning and cadence points. Consecutive 5 ths and 8ves were not used. Exposed 5 ths and 8ves were avoided e.g. outer parts arriving from a leap in the upper part

+ Features of Renaissance style 2 Modes include: Ionian Dorian Phrygian Lydian Mixolydian Aeolian Lochrian

+ Features of Renaissance style 3 Dissonance (subject to careful rules regarding preparation) Musical ficta enabled raised leading notes for some modes and the use of the tierce de Picardie to shape part writing towards the diatonic major/minor system. These were often added into the performance e.g. convention Diabolus in musica the devil in music was the tritone (augmented 4 th or diminished 5 th ) and was to be avoided in the Renaissance. Accidentals would be used in music to avoid this Phrasing – curved and usually within an octave range Rhythm is irregular and non-repetitive. Use of the beat or tactus (minim) is most common – heart beat pace

+ Features of Renaissance style 4 Imitation was often four to eight beats (two bars) apart Imitation at a 5 th, 4 th or 8ve was most common Imitation often uses contrary motion Syncopation is common