CECIL RHODES AND THE BRITISH PRESENCE IN AFRICA BY CASSIDY GAZAWAY

British in South Africa 1795- British capture the Cape Colony 1807- Parliament ordered the British to stop participation in the slave trade all around the world 1810- British missionaries go through S.A 1828- Ordinance 50 1833- No slavery allowed in the empire

WHO IS THIS MAN? CECIL JOHN RHODES BORN: JULY 5TH, 1853 IN BISHOP’S STANFORD, ENGLAND DIED: MARCH 26TH, 1902 IN MUIZENBURG, SOUTH AFRICA BUSINESS MAN, OWNER OF THE DE BEERS MINING COMPANY, PHILANTHROPIST, AND IMPERALIST WHO IS THIS MAN?

EARLY LIFE OF CECIL RHODES BORN ON JULY 5TH, 1853 ONE OF 9 SONS BECAUSE OF HIS HEALTH ISSUES, HE DID NOT ATTEND SCHOOL AS A CHILD SENT TO AFRICA AT 16 TO WORK ON A COTTON FARM WENT THERE WITH HIS BROTHER, HERBERT

“DIAMOND FEVER” 1871: DIAMOND FEVER SPREAD CECIL AND HERBERT LEFT THE COTTON FARM TO MINE FOR DIAMONDS WENT TO KIMBERELY, SOUTH AFRICA CECIL WORKED IN AN OPEN PIT MINE AND SUPERVISED HIS OWN WORKERS HE SORTED DIAMONDS HIMSELF WITH HIS WORKERS

GETTING STARTED MASTERED MINING TECHNIQUES WHILE WORKING MADE MONEY BY INVESTING IN DIAMOND CLAIMS IN 1873 ATTENDED OXFORD UNIVERSITY SPLIT HIS TIME BETWEEN ENGLAND&SOUTH AFRICA FORMED THE DE BEERS MINING COMPANY IN 1888

De Beers Mining Company Founded by Cecil Rhodes, funded by Alfred Beit and the Rothschild family It was formed in 1888 Merged company with Barney Barnato Was able to form this buy buying up small mining claims A the time was the sole owner of all diamond mining operators in the country

CECIL & BRITISH IMPERIALISM SUPPORTER OF BRITISH IMPERIALISM DEVELOPED PHILOSOPHIES ON BRITISH IMPERIALISM WANTED THE BRITISH TO RULE MOST PARTS OF THE WORLD THE HOLY LAND IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND SOUTH AFRICA 1877, REVEALED HIS THOUGHTS&PHILOSOPHIES

CECIL RHODES AND POLITICS ELECTED CAPE PARLIAMENT IN 1880 FOCUSED ATTENTION ON GERMAN EXPANSION SO THE BRITISH COULD GET CONTROL OF BECHUANALAND IN 1885 IN 1888 HE SECURED MINING GRANTS FROM THE KING OF NDEBELE HE GOT A CLAIM TO THE COUNTRY OF RHODESIA CECIL GOT A CHARTER FROM ENGLAND TO FORM THE BRITISH SOUTH AFRICA COMPANY

South Africa in the Late 1800’s

WHAT WAS THE BRITISH SOUTH AFRICA COMPANY? MADE TO EXTEND CAPITALISM AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE WITHOUT IT COMING DOWN ON THE BRITISH TAXPAYER THE COMPANY DID TRADING WITH SOUTH AFRICA IT WAS EMPOWERED TO FORM BANKS MANAGE, OWN, AND GRANT/DISTRIBUTE LAND DEVELOPED THE TERRITORY IT HELD AND REPSECTED AFRICAN RIGHTS AND ALLOWED FREE TRADE WITHIN ITS TERRITORIES

Rhodesia

RHODESIA RHODESIA IS CURRENTLY KNOWN AS ZIMBABWE DECLARED ITS INDEPENDENCE FROM ENGLAND ON NOVEMBER 11TH, 1965 IT WAS NAMED AFTER CECIL RHODES WAS GOVERENED PREDOMINATLY BY A WHITE MINORITY GOVERNEMNT WAS AT THE FORMER COLONIAL CAPITAL OF SALISBURY

CECIL’S EMPIRE ALREADY BECOME PART OF PARLIAMENT, STARTED A MINING COMPANY, GOT A CHARTER TO START THE BSAC, AND BECOME VERY RICH CONTROLLED THE BRITISH CAPE COLONY IN THE 1890S BECAME PREMIER OF THE CAPE THANKS TO WHITE, NONWHITE, AND AFRIKANER VOTERS GAINED THE VOTES BY DISTRIBUTING $25,000 BONDS TO HIS SUPPORTERS WANTED TO UNITE SOUTH AFRICA UNDER THE BRITISH FLAG

LATER CAREER IN POOR HEALTH, TRIED TO TAKE OVER THE BOER GOVERNMENT OF THE TRANSVAAL AMUNITION WAS SMUGGLED IN AND A STRIP OF LAND WAS AWARDED TO THE BRITISH COLONIAL SECRETARY THE ADMINISTARTOR OF RHODESIA, LEANDER JAMESON, STAYED WITH TROOPS HE WAS CAPTURED AND RHODES HAD TO RESIGN CECIL PUT ALL HIS TIME TO FOCUSING ON THE RAILWAY HE HOPED WOULD ONE DAY REACH CAIRO, EGYPT

LAST YEARS AFTER THE ANGLO-BOER WAR BROKE OUT, HE WENT BACK TO KIMBERELY, SOUTH AFRICA HE WAS FOUND BY THE BOERS A FEW DAYS LATER IT ENDED FEBRUARY 16TH, 1900 WHILE CECIL HAD BEEN WORKING ON GATHERING A DEFENSE CECIL TRAVELED TO ENGLAND AND BACK WHICH WORSENED HIS ALREADY BAD HEALTH DIED MARCH 26TH, 1902 IN MUIZENBURG, SOUTH AFRICA.

PHILANTHROPY “PURE PHILANTHROPY IS VERY WELL IN ITS WAY BUT PHILANTHROPY PLUS 5 PERCENT IS A GOOD DEAL BETTER” –CECIL RHODES CECIL LEFT BEHIND SIX MILLION POUNDS MONEY WENT TO OXFORD UNIVERSITY ESTABLISHED THE RHODES SCHOLORSHIPS SOME LAND WAS LEFT IN RHODESIA TO SET UP THE RHODES UNIVERSITY THERE