DIFFERENT WAYS OF LEARNING Teachers, Schools, and Society A Brief Introduction to Education Third Edition David Miller Sadker Karen R. Zittleman Chapter 2 DIFFERENT WAYS OF LEARNING

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO LEARNING STYLES

CREATING A PRODUCTIVE LEARNING CLIMATE: MYTHS AND FACTS Student Generated Responses SELECTED MYTHS: Students learn best in quiet surroundings. FACTS: Students learn best in well-lighted areas. STUDENT GENERATED MYTHS:

Teaching Tips for Different Learning Styles Visual Learners   1. Use guided-imagery and illustrations 2. Create graphs or charts of important information Student-Generated Responses… Auditory Learners 1. Encourage students to study with a friend, so they can talk through important concepts 2. Create a safe classroom community where students feel welcome to ask questions Kinesthetic/Tactile Learners 1. Use role-plays to bring important concepts to life 2. Encourage students to underline or color-code reading materials to help focus their attention.

Classroom Applications of Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences Design Activities that Emphasize Each Intelligence 1. Logical-Mathematical 2. Linguistic 3. Bodily-Kinesthetic 4. Musical 5. Spatial 6. Interpersonal 7. Intrapersonal 8. Naturalist 9. Other(s)?

CHARACTERISTICS OF GIFTEDNESS

APPROACHES TO TEACHING GIFTED STUDENTS Student Generated Responses Advantages Disadvantages Enriched Curricular Offerings Acceleration Other(s)

CRITICAL PRINCIPLES OF SPECIAL EDUCATION Student Generated Definitions and Examples Zero Reject Appropriate Education Nondiscriminatory Education Least-Restrictive Environment Procedural Due Process Individualized Education Program (IEP)

APPROPRIATE EDUCATION IN THE LEAST RESTRICTIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES Adapted from: William Howard, Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education (9th ed. P. 78). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS SERVED UNDER IDEA Source: U.S. Department of Education, Children and Youth with Disabilities, Table A-6-1 (2010).

ACCOMMODATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS KEY POINTS: Use group work Use hands-on and activity-based learning Adjust the type and length of assignments Individualize instruction (use support staff) Carefully select materials or create your own Present information orally and visually Use technology Examine the classroom environment Use various forms of assessment