India World History Core River Valleys

Geography/Interaction with the Environment Location: –Asia Subcontinent: –India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh Mountains: –Hindu Kush, Karakorum, and Himalayas Deccan: –Plateau at the center of the Indian peninsula

Geography/Interaction with the Environment Indus River –Flows SW from Himalayas to the Arabian Sea Ganges River –Flows E from Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal

Geography/Interaction with the Environment Monsoons: –Seasonal winds Oct – Feb, NE-W (Dry) June – Sept, E-SW (Wet/Floods) ChallengesSolutions Yearly floods are unpredictableBuilt villages up high (man-made islands) Monsoons are unpredictable

Geography/Interaction with the Environment Khyber Pass: –Hindu Kush mountain range Mountain pass between Pakistan and Afghanistan Isolated India from the rest of the world –Along with oceans/seas

Power and Authority Harrapan Civilization: –City in India where the most artifacts have been found Planned Communities: –Grid: built towns on a “grid” much like modern cities –Kiln Fired Bricks: oven baked bricks, made them stronger and a uniform size –Plumbing: pipes connected each house removing waste

Power and Authority Central Government: –Uniformity of cities planning and construction suggests that the Indus River Valley Civilization had a strong central government

Religious and Ethical Systems Polytheistic: –Belief in many gods Animism: –Belief that living things have spirits Linked to Hinduism: –Artifacts found suggests a connection to a Hindu god Shiva

Cultural Interaction/Economics/Empire Building Diverse Trade: –Gold/silver from Afghanistan –Semiprecious stones from Persia Contact with Mesopotamia: –Found seals in Sumer which they also found in Harrapa Stamps and Seals: –Picture of animal and writing = used for trading

Cultural Interaction/Economics/Empire Building Geography Limits Expanison –East and West = rivers –North = mountains –Seas on three sides Aryans: –Nomadic people from the North

Science and Technology Written Language: –No bilingual text = unable to translate language Planned Communities and Plumbing Cotton: –Grew, popular trading item Mathematics: –Dimension of bricks (4:2:1) –Geometry (planned cities) –Systems of weights