Russian Revolution.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Czar Resist Change Alexander II was assassinated by revolutionaries who were angry of slow pace of reform in Russia Alexander III halted all reforms &
Advertisements

Revolutions in Russia The Russian Revolution officially happened in 1917 in the middle of WWI, but had been boiling over for nearly a century under the.
Chapter 14 Revolution and Nationalism
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION.
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION chapter 11.5
Ch. 14 – Revolution and Nationalism
The Russian Revolution Causes of the Russian Revolution.
Russian Revolution. Russian Government Before Revolution Monarchy: The Czar (Tsar) Until 1905 the Tsar's powers were unlimited. Russia had no constitution,
Revolution & Nationalism Chapter 14 (pp ).
Modern World History Assign
The Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution How do the Bolsheviks (Communists) come to power in Russia?
Revolutions in Russia Chapter 14, Section 1.
Revolutions in Russia Ch
Russian Revolution. Czars = cruel, oppressive rule (19 th cent)  Social unrest.
Revolution and Nationalism Revolutions in Russia C. 30 S.1 In 1881 revolutionaries frustrated by slow change in Russia, assassinated czar Alexander.
Revolutions in Russia. Long-Term Causes of Revolution Czarist Rule – In the late 1800s, Alexander III and his son Nicholas II sought to industrialize.
 Russian Revolution is culmination of problems  19 th century czars were cruel and oppressive ◦ Caused social unrest ◦ Army officials revolt in 1825.
Revolutions in Russia.
World War I RUSSIAN REVOLUTION The Russian Revolution occurred during the first World War.
Political Cartoon: Russian Revolution
Bell Work Wednesday 4/17 Look in your book beginning on page 867 to find the answers 1. How did WWI help bring about the Russian Revolution? 2. What groups.
Main Idea: Long-term social unrest in Russia erupted in revolution, ushering in the first Communist government.
Russian Revolution. Opening Focus Assignments 1/9 “Faults of WWI Peace Treaty” 1/10 “WWI and changing values” 1/11 “Views of the War” 1/14 “Lost Generation”
Revolutions in Russia.
Revolutions in Russia 14-1 part 1. Unrest-do not write Czars oppressive rule and ruthless treatment leaves people unhappy – Army officer revolt 1825 –
The Russian Revolution End of Imperial Russia; Rise of Communist Soviet Union How did each of the following help ignite the Russian Revolution?
Czar Nicholas II ruled Russia from Czar Nicholas II ruled Russia from Was an Autocrat and controlled all aspects of Government Was.
Eve of Revolution in Russia. Setting the Stage The Russian Revolution was like a firecracker with a very long fuse. The explosion came in 1917, yet the.
Russian Revolution and Russia under Stalin. Warm Up: What is Revolution? Left PageCopy the Timeline on Pages Right PageRead the scenarios on page.
Think About It. Write down the things you can remember for the cause of the French Revolution.
PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY Revolutions in Russia Chase Rich Sarah Oh Andrew Lee.
Russian Revolution. Czars = cruel, oppressive rule (19 th cent)  Social unrest (revolutions)
Chapter 14 – Revolution and Nationalism (1900 – 1939) Section 1 – Revolutions in Russia Main Idea: Long-term social unrest in Russia exploded in revolution,
The Russian Revolution. The Problems of the Czar Events between show the Czar’s weakness: – Bloody Sunday (creation of the Duma) – Marxism’s.
NEXT 14.1 Revolutions in Russia Long-term social unrest explodes in revolution and ushers in the first Communist government.
Revolutions in Russia Section 14-1 Long-term social unrest in Russia explodes in revolution, and ushers in the first Communist government.
Russian Revolution of 1917 And the Rise of Communist Russia Standard 10c.
Revolutions in Russia Chapter 14 Section 1. I. Resisting Change A. Nicholas II –1. An autocracy –2. Encouraged progroms or organized violence against.
Russian Revolution Policies of the Czars
Russian Revolution And the Communist Manifesto. Russian Revolution  Begins in 1917 and peaks during WWI. This forces Russia to leave the war.  Started.
30.1-Revolutions in Russia
Essential Question: How did Vladimir Lenin & the Bolsheviks transform Russia during the Russian Revolution in 1917? WWI Overview (John Green)
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
Read 10 min.
Revolution in Russia Ch.14 Section.1.
Chapter 14 – Revolution and Nationalism (1900 – 1939)
Russian Revolution Questions
Russian Imperialism and Communism
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION FLOW CHART
The Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution.
Russian Imperialism and Communism
Revolutions in Russia.
The Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution
Russian Imperialism and Communism
Learning Objective: Today I will be able to summarize the events leading up to Communism in Russia by filling out an evidence guide. Agenda: Learning Objective.
Why did Russia withdraw from World War I?
Russian Imperialism and Communism
The Russian Revolution
Intro Question - How might industrialization in a country lead to people getting angry?
Russian Revolution.
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION FLOW CHART
Revolutions!.
Revolutions and Nationalism
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION chapter 11.5
The Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolutions
Notes for Russian & Nazi Ideology
Presentation transcript:

Russian Revolution

Czars Resist Change Autocracy- czar had total power Anyone who questioned the absolute authority of the czar, worshipped outside the Russian Orthodox Church, or spoke a language other than Russian were considered dangerous

Alexander III Alexander III used harsh measures to wipe out revolutionaries Strict censorship on published materials and written documents, including private letters Secret police carefully watch both secondary schools and universities Political prisoners were sent to Siberia

Uniform Russian Culture Czar Alexander III oppressed other national groups within Russia Made Russian the official language and forbade the use of other languages Targeted Jews Pogroms- organized violence against the Jews

Russia Industrializes In the mid-1800s, Russia lagged behind the rest of Europe in industrialization Czar Nicholas II and his advisors launched a program to move Russia forward To raise money for new industries, they sought foreign investors and raised taxes By 1900, Russia had become the world’s fourth-ranking producer of steel

Trans-Siberian Railway Began construction in 1891 and finished in 1916 World’s longest continuous rail line Connected western Russia to eastern Russia

Revolutionary Movements Along with industrialization came the same negative effects as in Britain (child labor, long working hours, low pay, etc.) and people were unhappy Marxist revolutionaries Followed the views of Karl Marx Believed that the industrial class of workers would overthrow the czars Proletariat (workers) would rule the country

Marxists Split Mensheviks Bolsheviks More moderate group who wanted a broad base of support for the revolution Bolsheviks Led by Vladimir Lenin More radical group who was willing to sacrifice everything for the revolution

Russo-Japanese War Russia and Japan both competed for control of Korea and Manchuria The two nations signed a series of agreements over the territories, but Russia broke them Japan retaliated and attacked the Russians at Port Arthur, Manchuria in February 1904 Sparked unrest and led to a revolt at home

Bloody Sunday January 22, 1905, about 200,000 workers and their families approached the czar’s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg Carried a petition for better working conditions, more personal freedom, and an elected national legislature Nicholas II ordered his guards to fire on the crowd More than 1,000 wounded and several hundred killed

Bloody Sunday, cont. Caused a wave of strikes and revolts across the country Nicholas II created a legislature Duma- Russia’s first Parliament Leaders wanted to create a constitutional monarchy Nicholas did not want to share power, so the Duma dissolved in about 10 weeks

WWI: The Final Blow Nicholas entered WWI and Russia was unprepared to handle the military and economic costs Weak generals and poorly equipped troops were no match for the German army In less than a year, more than 4 million Russians had been killed, wounded, or taken prisoner

WWI Nicholas moved headquarters to war front Wife Czarina Alexandra ran government while he was away She ignored chief advisors Fell under influence of Rasputin- “holy man” She allowed Rasputin to make political decisions Opposed reforms & obtained powerful positions for friends Group of nobles murdered him- they feared his increasing role in government

WWI cont. War front- Russian soldiers mutinied, deserted, or ignored orders Home front- Food & supplies dwindling, prices inflated All classes wanted change

The March Revolution March 1917- women textile workers in Petrograd led citywide strike Nearly 200,000 workers swarmed streets Soldiers sided with rioters

Czar Steps Down Nicholas II abdicated his throne One year later, revolutionaries executed Nicholas and his family Revolution brought down czar, but failed to set up a strong government

Provisional Government Temporary government set up by Duma Decided to stay in WWI= conditions in Russia worsened

The Bolshevik Revolution Bolsheviks starting to take control of many cities- “Peace, Land and Bread” Provisional government topples Armed factory workers attacked Winter Palace Bolshevik Red Guards took over government offices & arrested leaders of provisional government

Bolsheviks in Power Lenin ordered all farmland be distributed to peasants Gave control of factories to workers Truce with Germany to stop all fighting first Bolshevik national flag

Civil War Rages in Russia 1918-1920 Red Army (Bolsheviks) v. White Army Red Army commanded by Leon Trotsky White Army (made up of three main groups of people) Either wanted czarist rule, wanted democratic government, or they were socialists who opposed Lenin’s style of socialism Only thing that united them was the desire to defeat the Bolsheviks

Civil War cont. Several western nations sent military aid forces to help White Army= didn’t help 14 million Russians died from fighting, hunger, or worldwide flu epidemic Bolshevik Red Army crushed all opposition

Comparing World Revolutions Russian Revolution much like French Revolution FR & RR attempted to destroy existing social & political structures Revolutionaries in Russia & France used violence and terror to control people

Economy in Shambles Economy- trade at a standstill, industrial production dropped, skilled workers fled to other countries

Lenin Restores Order Goal= revive economy & restructure government Revitalization of the economy New Economic Policy (NEP) Small-scale capitalism (got away from state- controlled economy) Peasants sold surplus crops for profit Some small factories, businesses, & farms privately owned

Lenin Restores Order cont. Restructuring the government Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Reorganized Russia into several self-governing republics Communist Party Name came from writings of Karl Marx Classless society Held all power= dictatorship of Communist Party

Communist Party Lenin suffered stroke= competition to lead Communist Party Leon Trotsky v. Joseph Stalin

Stalin Becomes Dictator Stalin means “Man of Steel” in Russian Former general secretary of party Put his friends in positions of power within the party Worked his way up through the ranks 1928- Stalin in total command of Communist Party

Totalitarianism Government that takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of public & private life

Totalitarian Leaders Appear to provide a sense of security & give a direction for the future

Totalitarianism- How It's Done Widespread use of communication in the 20th century made it possible to reach into all aspects of citizens' lives Leader often has secret police to crush opposition & create a sense of fear among the people

Totalitarianism- Who It Affects No one is exempt from suspicion or accusations that he/she is an enemy of the state