Reading Structural Drawings Nicole Baer, P.E. President, Structural Engineering Institute – Maryland Chapter October 2011

Typical Drawing Order General Information Site/Civil Landscape Architectural Structural Mechanical Electrical Plumbing

Typical Discipline Drawings General Information Codes, Symbols, Basis of Design Plans Foundation, Floors, Roof Elevations Height and Exterior Finish Sections Wall Type, Framing Direction Details Connections, Typical Conditions Schedules Column Type, Beam Types

Which Plan Do I Need? Architect MEP Engineer Structural Engineer Plans through middle, looking down MEP Engineer Plans through middle, looking up Structural Engineer Plans at floor, looking down

Structural Drawing Symbols Identity Symbols Moment Connection Line Symbols Pinned Connection Cantilever Hidden Line Supports Below Solid Line Supports Above Material Symbols Reference Symbols Text Symbols

Structural Notes and Specifications General Information Codes, Symbols, Basis of Design Design Loads Live Loads Dead Loads Wind Loads Seismic Loads Strength of Materials

PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size

PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size

PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size

PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan Spread Footing Soil Capacity, Footing Depth, Footing Size

PLAN #1 – Foundation Plan Deep Foundations Caissons, Piles with Pile Caps, H-Piles, Micro-piles

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types STEEL SHAPE: W: Wide Flange (I-Beam) 18: 18” Height 46: 46 plf STEEL JOIST: 20: 20” Height LH: Long Span

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types T.O.S. = Top Of Steel (Actual) W18 is 5” BELOW REFERENCE No Call Out = At REFERENCE

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types Moment Connection Pin Connection (Same Elevations) Pin Connection (Diff Elevations)

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types Moment Connection

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types Pinned Connection, Same Elevation

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Steel Framing Steel Sizes, Elevations, Connection Types Pinned Connection, Diff Elevations OR:

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations 5/8” diameter bars, 180 Deg Hook Bars 12” on center, #5@12 T: Top layer

PLAN #2 – Floor Plan Concrete Framing Beam Sizes, Slab Reinforcing, Relative Elevations

Typical Details Repeating Information Width of Slab “Strips” Define “Standard” Steel Connections Slab on Grade Details Wall Brace Details Joist to Beam Connections Define Column Bases Define Bearing Plates Column Tie Layouts Lintel Sizes Concrete Beam Depth and Flange Defined Footings with Pier Construction Interior Column Isolation Joints The List Goes On….

Sections Project Specific Information Exterior Wall to Framing Stairwells and Openings Exterior Grade

Sections Project Specific Information Exterior Wall to Framing Stairwells and Openings Exterior Grade

Sections Project Specific Information Exterior Wall to Framing Stairwells and Openings Exterior Grade

Schedules Types of Schedules Method of Scheduling, General Column Schedules – Steel, Concrete Beam Schedules – Concrete, Sometimes Steel Footing Schedules Pier Schedules Shear Wall Schedules Method of Scheduling, General Assign a “Mark” (B-1) Refer to Schedule for Size, Reinforcing, Lengths Refer to Typical Detail for Definitions

Schedules Column Schedules Vertical Extent Foundation Elevation Splice Locations

Reading Structural Drawings Questions?