Learning
This is happening when you respond to a second stimulus that is similar to a conditioned stimulus without additional training Generalization
This produces a predictable response without previous training Unconditioned Stimulus
This occurs naturally and predictably without training Unconditioned Response
A stimulus that has nothing to do with the response before training has started Neutral stimulus
The ability to respond differently to different stimuli Discrimination
A neutral event leads to this after training Conditioned Response
Psychologist who “discovered” classical conditioning by accident while researching digestion in dogs Ivan Pavlov
This is the loss of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is removed Extinction
A type of behavior modification in which an old response attaches to a new stimulus Classical conditioning
When a person’s behavior causes the unpleasant event to stop, this is known as what type of conditioning Escape conditioning
What is the term for a stimulus or event that is likely to increase a behavior Reinforcement
A schedule that provides reinforcement after a random number of responses Variable ratio
Reponses that occur in sequence are known as what? Response chain
This type of schedule provides reinforcement after a specific amount of time Fixed interval
This type of reinforcer satisfies a biological need Primary reinforcer
This is when the removal of unpleasant consequences increases the frequency of a behavior Negative reinforcement
The type of learning that results from unpleasant consequences Punishment or aversive control
Famous psychologist who worked to examine learnable fears with a subject known as Little Albert John B. Watson
In this type of conditioning the person’s behavior prevents an unpleasant experience from happening Avoidance Conditioning
What type of behavior modification is based on learning from the consequences of behavior? Operant Conditioning
What time of reinforcement schedule is based on random amounts of time? Variable interval
What is the term for reinforcement that rewards for responses that are closer and closer to the desired response? Shaping
Who is the psychologist known for his research teaching rats to resp0nd in order to receive food? B. F. Skinner
What psychologist was known for his experiment with Bobo the Clown? Albert Bandura
John B. Watson is associated with what type of behavior modification (classical, operant or social learning)? Classical conditioning
Albert Bandura is associated with what type of behavior modification (classical, operant or social learning)? Social learning
B. F. Skinner is associated with what type of behavior modification (classical, operant or social learning)? Operant conditioning
A mental picture of a place Cognitive map
What focuses on how information is obtained, process, and organized? Cognitive Learning
What is the system for providing tangible rewards for desired behaviors? Token economy
What results in a lowered sense of self-esteem and a lack of effort? Learned helplessness
What is the term for learning that occurs without a reinforcer? Latent learning
What type of learning happens through observation and imitation? Modeling
What is the term for learning principles applied systematically to change people’s actions and feelings? Behavior modification
What is learning that involves how people make decisions and act upon the available information? Social learning