Dielectric optics (guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides Cylindrical waveguides (wires for light) Rectangular waveguides Coupled rectangular.

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Presentation transcript:

Dielectric optics (guiding, confining, manipulating light) Slab waveguides Cylindrical waveguides (wires for light) Rectangular waveguides Coupled rectangular waveguide structures Couplers, Filters, Switches Photonic crystals History: Optical bandgaps and Eli Yablonovich, to the present One-dimensional photonic crystals Distributed Bragg reflectors periodic grating of length L grating with phase shift at L/2; at L/2 ± fL/2 Photonic fibers; perfect mirrors Two-dimensional photonic crystals Guided wave optics structures Defect levels Three-dimensional photonic crystals 6.772/SMA Compound Semiconductors Lecture 16 - Dielectric Waveguides/Photonic Crystals - Outline C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 1

(Images deleted) See Figures 5-12 and 5-14 in Palais, Joseph C. Fiber Optic Communications. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall, C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 2 Cylindrical dielectric waveguides Glass and plastic fibers Some important characteristics of glass fibers Apparatus for pulling a glass fiber from a preform Loss specturm of a plastic fiber –>

(Images deleted) See Figures 4-5, 4-7, 4-8, and 4-9 in Palais, Joseph C. Fiber Optic Communications. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall, C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 3 Slab dielectric waveguides Mode patterns and charts for symmetric and asymmetric slabs

(Image deleted) See C. Manolatou, S.G. Johnson, S. Fan, P.R. Villeneuve, H.A. Haus, and J.D. Joanopolous, "High-Density Integrated Optics," IEEE J. Lightwave Technology, 17 (1999) C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 4 Achieving compact rectangular waveguide layouts Bends Calculated transmisson: a.30% b. 60% c. 98.5% d. 98%

(Image deleted) See C. Manolatou, S.G. Johnson, S. Fan, P.R. Villeneuve, H.A. Haus, and J.D. Joanopolous, "High-Density Integrated Optics," IEEE J. Lightwave Technology, 17 (1999) C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 5 Achieving compact rectangular waveguide layouts Splitting Tees Calculated transmisson: a. 30% (15 %/side) b. 99% (> 49%/side)

Then C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 8 - Slide 6 Planar waveguide integrated optics components Resonant ring couplers and channel dropping filters (Images deleted) See Figs. 1 and 12 in E.A.J. Marcatili, "Bends in Optical Dielectric Guides," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48 (1969) (Image deleted) See B.E. Little et al, "Vertically Coupled Glass Microring Resonator Channel Dropping Filters," IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 11 (1999) 215. (Image deleted) See S.T. Chu et al, "An Eight-Channel Add-Drop Filter Using Vertically Coupled Microring Resonators over a Cross Grid," IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 11 (1999) 691. Now

3-dimensional structures with optical bandgaps: solids that totally reflect light in band of energy C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 7 Photonic crystals - Yablonvich's original proposals

(Images deleted) See Fig. 4 and Table II in Cheng, C. C., and A. Scherer. "Lithographic Band Gap Tuning in Photonic Bandgap Crystals." J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 14 (1996): C. G. Fonstad, 4/03 Lecture 16 - Slide 8 Photonic crystals - Axel Scherer Rectangular dielectric waveguide structures: example of making bends using phtonic bandgap concepts Right: structure and fabrication sequence Below: performance