Estimated number of people living with HIV, 2001–2005 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year 10 20 30 40 50 Millions Number of people living with HIV Estimated number of people living with HIV, 2001–2005 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 1

Projected new adult infections and total adult deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, in millions, by the year 2020: Impact of three scenarios compared to baseline Source: Salomon JA. et al, Integrating HIV Prevention and Treatment: From Slogans to Impact. PLoS Medicine. January 2005, Vol 2, Issue 1. 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Year Millions New HIV infections 0.5 1.5 2.5 AIDS deaths Treatment-centered Prevention-centered Baseline Comprehensive response AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 2

HIV prevalence among 15–24 year-old men and women, selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa, 2001–2005 Sources: Demographic and Health Surveys. ORC Macro (Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, United Republic of Tanzania, Cameroon, Lesotho, Kenya, Zambia); Department of Health, Uganda HIV/AIDS sero-behavioural survey 2004/2005 (Uganda); Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council, National AIDS Council , and CDC, The Zimbabwe Young Adult Survey 2001-2002 (Zimbabwe); Pettifor AE, et al. HIV and sexual behaviour among young South African: a national survey of 15-24 year olds (South Africa). 5 10 15 20 Ghana 2003 Burkina Faso 2003 Mali 2001 Tanzania 2003 Cameroon 2004 Uganda 2004/05 Kenya 2003 Zambia 2002 South Africa 2002 Lesotho 2004 Zimbabwe 2001/02 % HIV prevalence AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 3 Women Men

Percentage of young people aged 15–24 years who correctly identified major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV*, 2003 10 20 30 40 50 60 % Source: Demographic and Health Surveys. ORC Macro (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and Nigeria); Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey 2003-04, TACAIDS, NBS, and ORC Macro (UR Tanzania). *Using condoms and limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected partner, who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV transmission, and who know that a healthy looking person can transmit HIV. Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mozambique Nigeria UR Tanzania AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 4 Female Male

HIV prevalence in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in sub-Saharan Africa, 1997/98–2004 Southern Africa Eastern Africa Botswana Zimbabwe UR Tanzania South Africa* Ethiopia Mozambique Uganda Kenya *data by province West Africa Cote d'Ivoire Nigeria Senegal Ghana Sources: Ministry of Health (Mozambique); Department of Health (South Africa); Ministry of Health and Child Welfare (Zimbabwe); Ministry of Health (Kenya); Ministry of Health (United Republic of Tanzania); Ghana Health Service (Ghana); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - GAP - Côte d'Ivoire (Côte d'Ivoire); Conseil National de Lutte Contre le SIDA (Senegal); Adapted from Asamoah-Odei, et al. HIV prevalence and trends in sub-Saharan Africa: no decline and large subregional differences. Lancet, 2004 (Botswana, Ethiopia, Uganda and Nigeria). AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 5

Sources: National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-Prevalence Survey in South Africa 2004 (South Africa); 2004 ANC Draft Report (Zimbabwe). HIV prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in South Africa and Zimbabwe, by age group, 2000–2004 South Africa Zimbabwe <20 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40+ Age group 15 - 19 40 - 44 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 % HIV prevalence 10 20 30 40 50 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 6

Distribution of male and female deaths by age group in South Africa, 1997 and 2002 Source: Statistics South Africa, 2005 Age group 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 0 – 4 5 – 9 10 – 14 15 – 19 20 – 24 25 – 29 30 – 35 36 – 39 40 – 44 45 – 49 50 – 54 55 – 59 60 – 64 65 – 69 70 – 74 75 – 79 80 – 85 85 – 89 90+ No. of deaths* *all causes 1997 Male 1997 Female 2002 Male 2002 Female AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 7

Trend in HIV prevalence in selected sites in each province in Mozambique, 2000–2004 Source: Ministry of Health, Report on the Update of the HIV Epidemiological Surveillance Data - 2004 Round 10 20 30 40 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year % HIV prevalence C.S. Ponta-Gea C.S. 24 de Julho H.R. Cuamba H.R. Montepuez C.S. 25 Setembro C.S. Maxixe C.S. Xai-Xai C.S. 10 de Junho H.R. Catandica C.S. E. Mondlane C.S. No. 3 (Tete) North Centre South AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 8

Data from select antenatal clinic sentinel surveillance sites with a declining trend in HIV prevalence, Kenya 1997–2004 10 20 30 40 50 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year % HIV prevalence Source: Ministry of Health - National AIDS/STD Control Programme (NASCOP), HIV Sentinel Surveillance 2004 Busia Kitui Nairobi Thika Meru Nyeri Garissa AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 9

Modes of transmission for HIV among HIV/AIDS cases, China (2003 estimates) Injecting drug users 43.9% Heterosexual transmission 19.8% Men having sex with men 11.1% Mother-to-child transmission 19.8% Blood and blood products 0.6% Former commercial blood and plasma donation 24.1% Source: State Council AIDS Working Committee & UN Theme Group (2004) AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 10

Projected impact* of injecting drug use on number of HIV infections in Jakarta, Indonesia Cumulative number of HIV infections 20 000 40 000 60 000 80 000 100 000 120 000 Source: MAP Report 2005. Drug Injection and HIV/AIDS in Asia Sexual infections resulting from a chain of infection originating with IDU HIV infections if nothing changes HIV infections in IDUs if nothing changes HIV infections if there were no IDU epidemic 110,000 36,000 2,000 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 * assuming no interventions AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 11

Percentage of street-based sex workers who inject drugs, who have sex with injectors, and percentage of male injectors who report buying sex, three cities, Viet Nam 2000 Source: MAP Reportt 2005. Sex work and HIV/AIDS in Asia. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hanoi Haiphong Ho Chi Minh City Percent Sex worker injects drugs herself Sex worker reports sex with male drug injector Male injector reports buying sex from sex worker AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 12

Percentage of male injecting drug users who buy sex – report of consistent condom use during commercial sex, various cities * Sichuan : condom use at last commercial sex ** Bangkok : includes non-injecting drug users Source: MAP Report 2005. Sex work and HIV/AIDS in Asia. Unprotected commercial sex Bought sex with a condom Central Bangladesh Sichuan, China* Delhi, India Surabaya, Indonesia Katmandhu Valley, Nepal Bangkok, Thailand** Hanoi, Vietnam 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 13

HIV prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics, Thailand 1990–2004 Source: Thailand Ministry of Public Health, Department of Disease Control, Bureau of Epidemiology 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year % HIV prevalence Bangkok Central North Northeast South AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 14

HIV prevalence among sentinel surveillance groups, Myanmar 1992–2003 Source: Department of Health, AIDS Prevention and Control Project 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year % HIV Prevalence ANC Blood donors Military recruits HIV prevalence among sentinel surveillance groups, Myanmar 1992–2003 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 15

Number of registered HIV cases 2000 4000 6000 8000 10 000 12 000 1987- 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2001 2002 2003 Year Newly registered HIV cases Children born to HIV-positive mothers Annual number of newly registered HIV cases and children born HIV-seropositive, Ukraine 1987–2004 Source: Ukrainian AIDS Centre 2004 14 000 AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 16

HIV prevalence at consistent selected antenatal clinic surveillance sites, Haiti 1993–2004 Source: Ministére de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Analyse secondaire des études de sero surveillance par méthode sentinelle de la prévalence du VIH chez les femmes enceintes en Haϊti entre 1993 et 2004 2 4 6 8 10 12 1993 1996 2000 2004 Year % HIV prevalence All women Urban women Semi-urban, rural women AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 17

Reported number of HIV and AIDS cases, Cuba 1986–2003* Source: Caribbean Technical Expert Group (2004). Strengthening the Caribbean regional response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Report of the Caribbean Technical Expert Group on HIV Prevention and Gender. Draft working document. October. Jamaica 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year Number of Cases *Extrapolations from reported cumulative number of cases as of end 2003 for the years 2002 & 2003 and years with no report HIV Cases AIDS Cases AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 18

Comparison of AIDS-related hospitalizations to number of patients on ARV therapy, Brazil 1998–2004 Source: DATASUS, SIH; National STD/AIDS Program Hospitalization rate per year per patient on ARV therapy Number of AIDS hospitalization and number of patients on ARV therapy 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Hospitalized HIV patients Patients on ARV therapy Rate of hospitalization of patients on ARV treatment Year AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 19

Estimated number of annual AIDS cases, Note: adjusted for reporting delays Estimated number of annual AIDS cases, annual AIDS deaths, and persons living with AIDS, United States of America 1985–2003 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year of diagnosis or death Number of AIDS cases and deaths (in thousands) 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Number of persons living with AIDS (in thousands) AIDS cases AIDS deaths Persons living with AIDS Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention AIDS epidemic update, December 2005. Fig 20