Usage of green energy and zero buildings L EONARDO DA V INCI L EARNING P ARTNERSHIP NEAR ZERO ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS GR1-LEO

Green energy How to explain something we all know? ”meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs” World Commission on Environment and Sustainability (Brundtland Commission, 1987)

Green energy The production of the renewable energy within the EU

Green energy The consumption of the green energy sources within the EU The target for 2020 is 20% share of the gross inland energy consumption Among the participating countries Romania is the closest to this number. Interesting fact: in Sweden it was 47.9 % in 2010

Green energy The future Within the EU two main fields are highlighted as critical: Electricity Transport Based on the Directive 2009/28/EC

ZEB (Zero Energy Building) -It is no more a concept of remote future but a realistic solution -A.J. Marszal et al (Aalborg University, Denmark, 2012):”ZEBs should be reality within 8 years” -but what is a ZEB? - “a building that has a very high energy performance. The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby”. -Different methods for calculating can be found -Reaching ”zero” is not an easy task -

ZEB (Zero Energy Building) -We can calculate with the period of balance (it can be from monthly bases up to 50 years) - but the common is way is the annual or seasonal period -We can calculate with the type of energy it uses for heating, cooling, lighting, etc.

ZEB (Zero Energy Building) -we can calculate with the period of balance (it can be from monthly bases up to 50 years) - but the common is way is the annual or seasonal period -We can calculate with the type of energy it uses for heating, cooling, lighting, etc. but the main question that should be answered: ”total operating energy use of a building is from…”

ZEB (Zero Energy Building) The future -Many countries have already established a ZEBs as their future building energy target -Though the concept seems fairly simple to understand there are several interpretations -Directive 2010/31/EU (EPBD recast) Article 9 requires that “Member States shall ensure that by 31 December 2020 all new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildings; and after 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and owned by public authorities are nearly zero- energy buildings”.

ZEB (Zero Energy Building) The future Passive houses Zero-energy houses Energy surplus houses