Extended Learning Module D Network Basics

What is a Computer Network? What are the Benefits of Computer Networking? Describe some networks

Introduction Computer network - two or more computers connected so that they can communicate with each other and share information, software, peripheral devices, and/or processing power.

Advantages of Networks: streamline work _________ and cut costs allow people within organizations to collaborate share hardware, software, and processing power enable geographically distant work groups to communicate with each other allow businesses to ________ information with external groups such as suppliers shorten business lead times and response times support electronic commerce

Introduction Basic Principles of Networks Each computer must have a network card. A network has at least one connecting device. There must be communications media connecting the network hardware devices. Each computer must have software that supports the movement of information.

Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access Business Networks LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Peer-to-Peer Home Network Peer-to-peer network - a network in which a small number of computers share hardware, software and/or information. You can setup a small peer-to-peer network With Ethernet cards (NIC) and dedicated cables Using the existing phone wiring

Peer-to-Peer Home Network Home Network Components Figure D.1 Hub, Switch, and Router as Roadway Intersections page 428 Network hub - a device that connects multiple computers into a network with only one communications link at a time. Switch - a device that connects multiple computers into a network in which multiple communications links can be in operation simultaneously.

Peer-to-Peer Home Network Home Network Components Figure D.2 page 429 Typical Home Network

Peer-to-Peer Home Network Wireless Access to Your Home Network Wireless network access point or wireless access point - a device that allows computers to access a _________ network using radio waves.

Peer-to-Peer Home Network Wireless Access to Your Home Network WiFi, Wireless Fidelity, or IEEE 802.11b - a way of transmitting information in wave form that is reasonably fast and is often used for notebooks. Bluetooth technology - provides entirely wireless connections for all kinds of communication devices.

Internet Access Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access Business Networks LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Internet Access Ways to Access the Internet at Home Telephone line and a telephone or dial-up modem. Telephone line and a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modem. Cable TV line and a cable modem. Satellite dish and a satellite modem. Provider that offers wireless connection for your notebook.

Internet Access Wireless Internet Connection Wireless Internet service provider (wireless ISP) - does the same job as standard Internet service providers except that you don’t need a wired connection for access.

Business Networks Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Communications Service Providers

Business Networks Client/server network - a network in which one or more computers are servers and provide services to the other computers which are called clients.

Client/Server Architecture URL Database Query Disks for Storage Server Response & Results TCP/IP HTTP Client Requests & Parameters

Business Networks Client/Server: A Physical View There are many physical implementations of client/server networks Conceptually, large networks work on the same principles as small ones

Business Networks Client/Server: A Physical View You still need Network cards Hubs Switches Routers Communications media and Network operating systems

Business Networks Client/Server: A Physical View Communications protocol (protocol) - a set of rules that every computer follows to transfer information.

LANs, MANs, MANs and Communications Media Peer-to-Peer Home Networks Internet Access Business Networks LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media  Communications Service Providers

LANs, MANs, WANs, & Communications Media Classification of Networks by Geographic Distance Local area network (LAN) - covers a limited _________ distance, such as an office, building, or a group of buildings in close proximity to each other. Municipal area network (MAN) - covers a ________ area. Wide area network (WAN) – covers a large geographic distances, such as a state, a country, or even the entire _________.

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information Communications media - the paths, or physical channels, in a network over which information travels. Wired ___________ media - transmit information over a closed, connected path. __________communications media - transmit information through the air.

Wired Communications Media include: LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information Wired Communications Media include: Twisted-pair cable ________ cable Optical Fiber

Wireless Communications Media Include: LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Telecommunications Media: The Paths That Carry Information Wireless Communications Media Include: Microwave _________ Infrared

LANs, MANs, WANs, and Communications Media Infrared and Omnidirectional Microware for Short Distances Wireless communications media radiate information into the air, either very narrowly beamed or in many directions like ripples from a pebble tossed into a pond. Infrared - a wireless communications medium that uses radio waves to transmit signals or information. Bluetooth Microwave transmission - a type of radio transmission. WiFi http://www.wi-fihotspotlist.com/ Bluetooth A short-range radio technology aimed at simplifying communications among Internet devices and between devices and the Internet. It also aims to simplify data synchronization between Internet devices and other computers. Products with Bluetooth technology must be qualified and pass interoperability testing by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group prior to release. Bluetooth's founding members include Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia and Toshiba. Also see the Wireless LAN Standards chart in the Quick Reference section of Webopedia. Wi-Fi Short for wireless fidelity and is meant to be used generically when referring of any type of 802.11 network, whether 802.11b, 802.11a, dual-band, etc. The term is promulgated by the Wi-Fi Alliance. Q: What's the Difference Between Bluetooth and Wi-Fi?A: Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are both wireless networking standards that provide connectivity via radio waves. The main difference: Bluetooth's primary use is to replace cables, while Wi-Fi is largely used to provide wireless, high-speed access to the Internet or a local area network.

Communications Service Providers Communications service providers - third parties who furnish the conduit for information. Public network - a network on which your organization _________ for time with others.

Communications Service Providers Private network - communications media that your organization ______ or exclusively leases to connect networks or network components. Value-added network (VAN) - a semipublic network that provides services beyond the movement of information from one place to another. Virtual private network (VPN) – uses software to establish a ________ channel on the Internet for transmitting data.

Communications Service Providers Key Considerations for Communications Media To determine the most appropriate communications medium, you must consider: Capacity Reliability Cost Distance Mobility