Introducing the Specifications of the MEF An Overview of MEF 6.1, 10.2, 10.2.1 Carrier Ethernet Definitions and Attributes 2011 December

Agenda Approved MEF Specifications This Presentation About this Specification Terminology, Concepts Section Review Major topics Minor topics Examples/Use Cases Summary  

Approved MEF Specifications REF Description MEF 2 Requirements and Framework for Ethernet Service Protection MEF 3 Circuit Emulation Service Definitions, Framework and Requirements in Metro Ethernet Networks MEF 4 Metro Ethernet Network Architecture Framework Part 1: Generic Framework MEF 6.1 Metro Ethernet Services Definitions Phase 2 MEF 7.1 EMS-NMS Information Model MEF 8 Implementation Agreement for the Emulation of PDH Circuits over Metro Ethernet Networks MEF 9 Abstract Test Suite for Ethernet Services at the UNI MEF 10.2 Ethernet Services Attributes Phase 2* MEF 10.2.1 Performance Attributes Amendment to MEF 10.2 MEF 11 User Network Interface (UNI) Requirements and Framework MEF 12 Metro Ethernet Network Architecture Framework Part 2: Ethernet Services Layer MEF 13 User Network Interface (UNI) Type 1 Implementation Agreement MEF 14 Abstract Test Suite for Traffic Management Phase 1 MEF 15 Requirements for Management of Metro Ethernet Phase 1 Network Elements MEF 16 Ethernet Local Management Interface * MEF 6.1 replaced MEF 6., MEF 7.1 replaced MEF 7, MEF 10.2.1 & MEF 10 .2 replaced MEF 10.1.1, MEF 10.1, MEF 10 which replaced MEF 1 and MEF 5.

Approved MEF Specifications REF Description MEF 17 Service OAM Framework and Requirements MEF 18 Abstract Test Suite for Circuit Emulation Services MEF 19 Abstract Test Suite for UNI Type 1 MEF 20 User Network Interface (UNI) Type 2 Implementation Agreement MEF 21 Abstract Test Suite for UNI Type 2 Part 1: Link OAM MEF 22 Mobile Backhaul Implementation Agreement Phase 1 MEF 23 Class of Service Implementation Agreement Part 1 MEF 24 Abstract Test Suite for UNI Type 2 Part 2: E-LMI MEF 25 Abstract Test Suite for UNI Type 2 Part 3: Service OAM MEF 26 External Network Network Interface (ENNI) – Phase 1 MEF 27 Abstract Test Suite For UNI Type 2 Part 5: Enhanced UNI Attributes & Part 6: L2CP Handling MEF 28 External Network Network Interface (ENNI) Support for UNI Tunnel Access and Virtual UNI MEF 29 Ethernet Services Constructs MEF 30 Service OAM Fault Management Implementation Agreement  MEF 31 Service OAM Fault Management Definition of Managed Objects MEF 32 Requirements for Service Protection Across External Interfaces

This Presentation Purpose: Audience Other Documents This presentation is an introduction to MEF 6, MEF 10.2 and MEF 10.2.1 which highlights key recommendations and requirements in these specifications as well as the Metro Ethernet Network Architecture concepts further defined in MEF 4. Audience Equipment Manufacturers building devices that will carry Carrier Ethernet Services. Useful for Service Providers architecting their systems Other Documents Presentations of the other specifications and an overview of all specifications is available on the MEF web site Other materials such as white papers and case studies are also available This slide deck highlights key recommendations and requirements as defined in the MEF 6 and MEF 10 specifications. It leverages the Ethernet services model and terminology as defined in MEF 10 as well as the Metro Ethernet Network Architecture concepts further defined in MEF 4. The service Definitions and concepts covered in the first half of the deck are outlined in greater detail within MEF 6. The traffic classification and traffic profile concepts are detailed in MEF 10 in greater detail. This deck also summarizes the MEF 10 defined attributes and parameter requirements/recommendations for each MEF 6 defined service type.

Key Carrier Ethernet Definitions and Concepts Provides foundational definitions and concepts for Metro Ethernet Services, service attributes and parameter requirements and as well as traffic classification, traffic profiles and related recommendations to deliver Carrier Ethernet Services. MEF 6.1 uses service attributes and parameters defined in the MEF Specification “Ethernet Services Attributes Phase 2”, applies them to create different Ethernet services and defines three Ethernet Service types and their associated service attributes and parameters used to create Point-to-Point, Multipoint-to-Multipoint, and Rooted-Multipoint Ethernet services. MEF 10.2, which supersedes MEF 10, defines the attributes of Ethernet Services observable at a User Network Interface (UNI) and from User Network Interface to User Network Interface (UNI to UNI) and a framework for defining specific instances of Ethernet Services is described. MEF 10.2.1 enhances and modifies MEF 10.2 in the definition of Qualified Service Frames, Availability, new performance attributes for resiliency performance and adds new terms.

Overview of MEF 6.1, 10.2, 10.2.1

MEF Specification Overview Metro Ethernet Services Definitions Phase 2 Purpose Defined Service types (E-Line, E-Lan, E-Tree) and standardizes few services based onthe the Service Types (EPL, EVPL, EP-LAN, EVP-LAN, EP-TREE, EVP-TREE)" Ethernet Services Attributes Phase 2 MEF 10.2 Purpose Defines the service attributes and parameters required to offer the services defined in MEF 6.1. Updated from Original MEF 10 and 10.1 Performance Attributes Amendment to MEF 10.2 MEF 10.2.1 Purpose Redefine the service performance parameters concerning availability, resiliency, and handle related issues. Modifies specific sections in 10.2. Standardized Services Audience All, since they provide the fundamentals required to build devices and services that deliver Carrier Ethernet. For Enterprise users it gives the background to Service Level Specifications for Carrier Ethernet Services being offered by their Service Providers and helps to plan Ethernet Services as part of their overall network.

Referenced Terminology UNI Identifier Physical Layer MAC Layer UNI Maximum Transmission Unit Service Multiplexing Identifying an EVC at the UNI CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Maximum Number of EVCs Bundling All to One Bundling Bandwidth Profile Security UNI Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing

Terminology, Concepts & Relationship to other standards

Terminology & Concepts Services model and taxonomy Services type definitions Traffic classification Traffic profiles Service attributes and parameters

Ethernet Service - Reference Diagram Ethernet Service extends from one Customer Edge to another The Service is called an Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) Service is handed off at the User Network Interface (UNI) MEF 10.2 describes local metro service MEF 26 describes the interconnection of service for global service Customer Edge (CE) User Network Interface (UNI) User Network Interface (UNI) Customer Edge (CE) Service Provider Metro Ethernet Network Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC)

Ethernet Service – Basic MEF Model Concepts Customer Equipment (CE) attaches to the Carrier Ethernet Network at the UNI Using standard Ethernet frames. CE can be Router or bridge/switch - Behavior must be compliant with "IEEE 802.1 bridge UNI (User Network Interface) Demarcation point between the customer (subscriber) and provider network Demarcation point between host services (subscriber) and provider network Standard IEEE 802.3 Ethernet PHY/MAC Carrier Ethernet Network is also referred to as a Metro Ethernet Network (MEN) Ethernet Services Model – Defined nomenclature Service Provider Subscriber Site Subscriber Site Carrier Ethernet Network UNI UNI CE CE

MEF Carrier Ethernet Terminology The User Network Interface (UNI) The UNI is the physical interface that is the demarcation between the customer and the service provider/Cable Operator/Carrier/MSO The UNI is always provided by the Service Provider The UNI-N in a Carrier Ethernet Network is a physical Ethernet Interface operating at speeds 10Mbs, 100Mbps, 1Gbps or 10Gbps Carrier Ethernet Network UNI CE CE: Customer Equipment, UNI: User Network Interface. MEF certified Carrier Ethernet products

MEF Carrier Ethernet Terminology Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) Service container Connects two or more subscriber sites (UNI’s) Assures data transfer only between UNIs that are associated with the same EVC Three types of EVCs Point-to-Point Multipoint-to-Multipoint Rooted Multipoint One or more VLANs can be mapped (bundled) to a single EVC A UNI can support up to 4K EVCs Defined in MEF 10.2 (Ethernet Services Attributes)

EVC Service Attributes Connection Type (Point to Point, Multipoint, Rooted Multipoint EVC ID UNI List Maximum Number of UNIs Service Frame Delivery (Type of frame, Disposition of frames, Transparency) VLAN Tag Preservation EVC Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing Class of Service Identifier Performance Attribute Maximum Transmission Unit Size

Three Types of EVC’s Point to Point EVC – in this diagram one site is separately connected to two other sites with two separate EVCs Multipoint EVCs – in this diagram, three sites joint share a multipoint EVC and can freely forward Ethernet frames to each other Rooted Multipoint – The root can forward to the leaves, each leaf can only forward to the root Leaf Root Leaf Broadcast, multicast and unicast unknown Known unicast Broadcast, multicast and unicast

Carrier Ethernet: Two Service Types Using EVCs E-Line Service type E-Line Service used to create Ethernet Private Lines Ethernet Virtual Private Lines Ethernet Internet Access E-LAN Service used to create Multipoint L2 VPNs Transparent and non-transparent LAN Service Foundation for IPTV and Multicast networks etc. Point-to-Point EVC UNI UNI CE CE Carrier Ethernet Network E-LAN Service type CE UNI Carrier Ethernet Network UNI Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC CE MEF certified Carrier Ethernet products UNI: User Network Interface, CE: Customer Equipment

MEF 6.1 Ethernet Services Definitions Phase 2 Service Type Port-Based (All-to-One Bundling) VLAN-Based (Service Multiplexed) E-Line (Point-to-Point EVC) Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) E-LAN (multipoint-to-multipoint EVC) Ethernet Private LAN (EP-LAN) Ethernet Virtual Private LAN (EVP-LAN) E-Tree (rooted multipoint EVC) Ethernet Private Tree (EP-Tree) Ethernet Virtual Private Tree (EVP-Tree) MEF 6.1 Enhancements Defines a service type (E-Tree) in addition to those defined in MEF 6 Adds four services – two each to E-LAN and E-Tree

Services Using E-Line Service Type Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Replaces a TDM Private line Port-based service with single service (EVC) across dedicated UNIs providing site-to-site connectivity Typically delivered over SDH (Ethernet over SDH) Most popular Ethernet service due to its simplicity Storage Service Provider An Ethernet Private Line (EPL) service is specified using an E-Line Service type. An EPL service uses a Point-to-Point EVC between two UNIs and provides a high degree of transparency for Service Frames between the UNIs it interconnects such that the Service Frame’s header and payload are identical at both the source and destination UNI when a Service Frame is delivered. Figure 6 below shows the basic structure of EPL service. UNI CE UNI Carrier Ethernet Network CE UNI ISP POP Internet UNI Point-to-Point EVCs CE

Services Using E-Line Service Type Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) Replaces Frame Relay or ATM L2 VPN services To deliver higher bandwidth, end-to-end services Enables multiple services (EVCs) to be delivered over single physical connection (UNI) to customer premises Service Multiplexed Ethernet UNI Point-to-Point EVCs Carrier Ethernet Network CE UNI Internet ISP POP An Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) is created using an E-Line Service type. An EVPL can be used to create services similar to the Ethernet Private Line (EPL) with some notable exceptions. First, an EVPL allows for service multiplexing at the UNI. This capability allows more than one EVC to be supported at the UNI where the EPL does not allow this. Second, an EVPL need not provide as much transparency of Service Frames as with an EPL. Because service multiplexing is permitted, some Service Frames may be sent to one EVC while other Service Frames may be sent to other EVCs. An E-Line Service such as EVPL can provide point-to-point EVCs between UNIs analogous to using Frame Relay PVCs to interconnect sites. Replaces Frame Relay or ATM L2 VPN services - To deliver higher bandwidth, end-to-end services Enables multiple services (EVCs) to be delivered over single physical connection (UNI) to customer premises An E-Line Service can be used to construct services analogous to Frame Relay or private leased lines. However, the range of Ethernet bandwidth and connectivity options is much greater.

Services Using E-LAN Service Type EP-LAN: Each UNI dedicated to the EP-LAN service. Example use is Transparent LAN EVP-LAN: Service Multiplexing allowed at each UNI. Example use is Internet access and corporate VPN via one UNI Ethernet Private LAN example Ethernet Virtual Private LAN example Internet ISP POP CE CE UNI UNI CE Point-to-Point EVC (EVPL) Carrier Ethernet Network Carrier Ethernet Network Some Subscribers commonly desire an E-LAN service type to connect their UNIs in a metro network, while at the same time accessing other services from one or more of those UNIs. Example on right a Subscriber site wants to access a public or private IP service from a UNI that is also used to for E-LAN service among the Subscriber’s several metro locations. The EP-LAN service is defined to provide CE-VLAN tag preservation and tunneling of key Layer 2 Control Protocols. A key advantage of this approach is that the Subscriber can configure VLANs across the sites without any need to coordinate with the Service Provider. Each interface is configured for All to One Bundling and, therefore, EP-LAN service supports CE-VLAN ID preservation. In addition, EP-LAN supports CE-VLAN CoS preservation. UNI CE UNI UNI UNI Point-to-Multipoint EVC CE UNI CE CE Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC

Services Using E-Tree Service Type EP-Tree and EVP-Tree: Both allow root - root and root - leaf communication but not leaf - leaf communication. EP-Tree requires dedication of the UNIs to the single EP-Tree service EVP-Tree allows each UNI to be support multiple simultaneous services at the cost of more complex configuration that EP-Tree Ethernet Private Tree example Ethernet Virtual Private Tree example Rooted-Multipoint EVC Carrier Ethernet Network Multipoint to Multipoint EVC UNI CE Root Subscribers with multiple sites may want to interconnect them to provide services other than those that resemble a LAN. These services may be distributed from a centralized site (or few such sites) where the distribution site is designated as a Root and all the remaining sites are designated as leaves. The EP-Tree service is defined to provide CE-VLAN tag preservation and tunneling of key Layer 2 Control Protocols. A key advantage of this approach is that the Subscriber can configure VLANs across the sites without any need to coordinate with the Service Provider. Each interface is configured for All to One Bundling and, therefore, EP-Tree service supports CE-VLAN ID preservation. In addition, EP-Tree supports CE-VLAN CoS preservation. Some subscribers desire access to certain applications or content services from well-defined access points within their own (or an external) network. In this case it is necessary to interconnect the participating UNIs in a Rooted-Multipoint connection to the well-defined access (or root) point. One or more of the Subscriber’s UNIs may also support other services, e.g., EVPL or EVP-LAN. For such cases, the EVP-Tree service is used. Leaf Root Leaf CE UNI UNI Leaf CE UNI UNI CE UNI Rooted-Multipoint EVC UNI CE CE CE E-Tree is referenced in MEF 10.2 as Rooted-Multipoint EVC

Carrier Ethernet Architecture (1) Data moves from UNI to UNI across "the network" with a layered architecture.                                                                       When traffic moves between ETH domains is does so at the TRAN layer. This allows Carrier Ethernet traffic to be agnostic to the networks that it traverses.

Carrier Ethernet Architecture (2) Ethernet Services “Eth” Layer Service Provider 1 Carrier Ethernet Network Service Provider 2 Subscriber Site Subscriber Site CE E-NNI CE UNI UNI Ethernet Services Layer Terminology ETH UNI-C ETH UNI-N ETH E-NNI ETH E-NNI ETH UNI-N ETH UNI-C UNI: User Network Interface, UNI-C: UNI-customer side, UNI-N network side NNI: Network to Network Interface, E-NNI: External NNI, CE: Customer Equipment MEF certified Carrier Ethernet products

Ethernet Frame Handling MEF 10 details how to implement the services defined in MEF 6. It starts with requirements and recommendations of how the MEN should handle each type of customer generated Ethernet frame. It then defines how to map the customer traffic to EVCs, establish traffic classes or profiles, and then how to apply and measure QoS parameters for the classified traffic to support Service Level Objectives (SLOs).

Delivery of Service Frames (applicable to E-LAN & E-Tree only) Broadcast Deliver to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI Multicast Typically delivered to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI Unicast (unlearned and learned (not specified by MEF)) Typically delivered to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI if not learned Otherwise, deliver to the UNI learned for the destination MAC address Learning is important for Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVCs Layer 2 Control (e.g., BPDU) Discard, peer, or tunnel Service frames are defined as Broadcast, Multicast, Unicast, frames – as generated by the customer. MEF 10 defines their treatment for each service type defined in MEF 6

Options for Layer 2 Control Protocols Discard PDU from CE discarded by MEN PDU never egresses from MEN Peer MEN peers with CE to run protocol Tunnel PDUs carried across MEN as if they were normal data EVC is that associated with the Customer Edge VLAN ID (CE-VLAN ID) of the PDU, e.g., the Untagged CE-VLAN ID for most standard Layer 2 Control Protocols defined by IEEE 802 Options for handling of L2 control protocols as defined in MEF 10.

CE-VLAN ID Preservation Preserve Customer VLANs UNI UNI Carrier Ethernet Network CE-VLAN ID 37 EVC Blue EVC Blue CE-VLAN ID 37 CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map must be identical at all UNIs in the EVC and Priority tagged frame in must be priority tagged out Untagged frame in must be untagged frame out In order to allow the appropriate (Desired) connectivity across the MEN certain concepts and procedures are defined. This includes the concept of Customer VLAN preservation. This allows for transparent connectivity services to be set-up across the providers network

All to One Bundling (Map) CE-VLAN ID 1 2 . . . 4094 4095 EVC Red CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Untagged* Priority Tagged* Tagged, VID = 1 Tagged, VID = 2 . . . Tagged, VID = 4094 Tagged, VID = 4095 Send all Customer VLANs All to one Bundling is typically defined for Ethernet Private Line applications or dedicated access (such as to a VPN service), or for extending LANs between multiple remote sites. This makes set-up of circuits simple as well as ensuring all traffic that enters a EP ingress - properly egresses at the other side Only one EVC at the UNI (no service multiplexing) All CE-VLAN IDs map to this EVC – no need for coordination of CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map between Subscriber and Service Provider EVC must have CE-VLAN ID Preservation

Using All to One Bundling Branch VLAN 6,7,9 Branch CE VLAN 6,7,9 Simplified Branch LAN extension Set-up - No VLAN Mapping - VLAN preservation CE Branch This is an example of using All to one bundling in an E-LAN. The HQ has three separate LANs that need to be extended to the remote sites. In this case they can all share a single EVC. The customer routers at each site deliver the frames as appropriate and discard other not intended for that site. HQ VLAN 6,7,9 CE Customer VLAN 6,7,9 CE

One to One Map Untagged Priority Tagged Tagged, VID = 1 Tagged, VID = 2 . . . Tagged, VID = 4094 Tagged, VID = 4095 CE-VLAN ID 1 2 . . . 4094 4095 EVC Red Blue CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Subscriber and Service Provider must coordinate CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map No more than one CE-VLAN ID is mapped to each EVC at the UNI If CE-VLAN ID not mapped to EVC, ingress Service Frames with that CE-VLAN ID are discarded Service Multiplexing possible CE-VLAN ID Preservation is optional

CE-VLAN ID Translation UNI UNI CE-VLAN ID 37 EVC Blue EVC Blue CE-VLAN ID 156 CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map can be different at different UNIs in an EVC Fine for CE routers Problematic for CE bridges (depends on configuration) CE-VLAN ID Translation is important for applications where service is handed off to a third party…such as an ISP, VPN provider who has many customers hat need to have traffic kept separate and may have overlapping VLAN address space. The next slide shows an example how VLAN translation will support Ethernet access networks that are served by frame Relay today

Identifying an EVC at a UNI CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Service Frame Format Untagged* Priority Tagged* Tagged, VID = 1 Tagged, VID = 2 . . . Tagged, VID = 4094 Tagged, VID = 4095 CE-VLAN ID 1 2 . . . 4094 4095 EVC Red Green . . . Blue CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map *Untagged and Priority Tagged Service Frames can have the same CE-VLAN ID. (depends on use case) Configurable at each UNI. This is the behavior expected by an IEEE 802.1Q CE.

Using One to One Map w/ Translation – 1 Internet Service Provider CE-VLAN ID Preservation would constrain ISP 178  Blue 179  Yellow 180  Green 2000  Green ISP Customer 3 2000  Blue 2000  Yellow Mapping with translation helps enable Frame Relay replacement by point to point Ethernet services ISP Customer 1 ISP Customer 2 Frame Relay PVC Replacement } CE Router Pt to Pt EVCs

Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVCs Using One to One Map – 2 (application servers) ASP ASP (application servers) ASP Customer 3 ASP Customer 3 Multipoint Ethernet services open more cost effective new multi-site services. In this case the SAME mapped and translated EVC can support multiple sites (not possible with Frame Relay or ATM). ASP Customer 1 ASP Customer 2 Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVCs CE Router

Industry Service Requirements For services are to be adopted in the market: They require strong service attributes With meaningful and measurable parameters on which to base the SLA Specification MEF 10 defines the concept of Service attributes and parameters. MEF 6 helps establish what those attributes are for each service type.

The Best Of All Worlds Offer a mix of SLA “ensured” and non SLA traffic Over the same “shared” MEN access/backbone links. Allow certain traffic be delivered with strict SLAs (Service Level Agreements), Allow other traffic to be delivered best efforts. Critical SLA Service Attributes Bandwidth Profile Service Performance Allows bandwidth to exceed commitments But does not apply SLA conformance measures to that traffic The Promise of Ethernet services are the mix of connectivity options and the pay for value granularity not allowed with today’s more limited choices. - End customers will pay for value if it can be meaningfully be demonstrated ( measured and evaluated). - Service providers can charge more per bit - for a lower transported bit cost if they can optimize the service mix across their shared service MEN. Both of these concepts require the ability to support transporting a mix of services with verifiable SLOs over a single network.

How to Classify the Traffic Apply Bandwidth Profiles (MEF 10.2) The Bandwidth Profile is the set of traffic parameters that define the maximum limits of the customer’s traffic An Ingress Profile limits traffic transmitted into the network, an Egress Profile limits exiting traffic Each Service Frame is checked for compliance against the profile Separately definable for each UNI (MEF 10.2) Service frames that meet the profile are forwarded Service frames that do not meet the profile are dropped at the interface MEF 6 defines the concept that traffic be classified at the UNI hand-off as it enters the MEN. Separate profiles can be set-up for different handling by the network. MEF 10.1 defines how that traffic that meets a profile will be handled to meet a defined SLA. It also allows for handling traffic that exceeds the profile and can be transported at best efforts (without SLA conformance measures applied). To do this MEF 10.1 defines how traffic frames can be marked (colored) in profile and out of profile for further treatment at other nodes through the MEN. Coloring allows for detecting which frames should be subject to SLA conformance testing upon MEN network egress.

Coloring Classified Traffic MEF 10.2 specifies three levels of Bandwidth Profile compliance for each individual Service Frame Green: Service Frame subject to SLA performance guarantees Yellow: Service Frame not subject to SLA performance guarantees, but will be forwarded on a “best effort” basis. They have lower priority and are discard-eligible in the event of network congestion. Red: Service Frame discarded at the UNI by the traffic policer Coloring is optional, but is an important concept for supporting value added capabilities such as “bursting” over Ethernet Virtual Private Lines services. It allows for handling a flexible mix of traffic from the same customer and still maintain a sound basis for applying and measuring SLAs.

Bandwidth Profile Parameters Customers are allowed a combination of rate and burst Green frames conform to the Committed Information Rate (CIR) and Committed Burst Size (CBS) limits Yellow frames conform to the Excess Information Rate (EIR) and Excess Burst Size (EBS) limits In Color Mode (CM) unaware service, the service provider will mark the frames green or yellow solely according to each frame’s arrival time Customers may have the option of marking their frames green or yellow themselves (Color Mode aware) to better allow them to utilize their CIR/CBS/EIR/EBS bandwidth profile In Color Mode aware service there may be an optional Coupling Flag (CF) that can be enabled to allow customers to better utilize unused tokens from the committed token bucket (unused CIR/CBS capacity) The total set of Bandwidth Profile Parameters is CIR/CBS/EIR/EBS/CM/CF

Bandwidth Profile Defined by Token Bucket Algorithm (2 rates, 3 colors) Committed Information Rate (CIR) Excess Information Rate (EIR) “Green” Tokens “Yellow” Tokens Overflow Overflow Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Burst Size (EBS) C-Bucket E-Bucket Color Blind Algorithm: If (Service Frame length is less than C-Bucket tokens) {declare green; remove tokens from C-Bucket} else if (Service Frame length is less than E-Bucket tokens) {declare yellow; remove tokens from E-Bucket} else declare red [Please refer to the specification documents: 10.2 and 10.2.1 for this diagram] The MEF has defined a dual leaky bucket algorithm to assist consistent implementation of CIR/EIR/CBS/EBS measurements and marking.

CBS vs. EBS Burst size in Bytes per second allowed Bytes Time CBS marked Green, EBS is Yellow, Bursts beyond EBS limit is discarded Bytes Data flow Y Burst Threshold CBS limit [Please refer to the specification documents: 10.2 and 10.2.1 for this diagram] The diagram in this slide attempts to depict these bursting concepts as specified in MEF 10 Bursting parameters indicate the amount of bytes that can be accepted over a sustained period at the point of measurement. Buffer capacity (typically at the MEN UNI demark) may be allocated in byte thresholds as committed burst size (CBS) and excess burst size (EBS). Frames arriving within the CBS parameter can be marked “green” and passed into the MEN for subsequent egress SLA conformance measurement. Frames burst beyond the CBS time interval but within the EBS time interval can be marked “yellow” and passed, but will not be subject to egress SLA conformance measurement. Frames burst beyond the EBS threshold time limit will be dropped. EBS Time

CIR vs. EIR Service Example Conceptual Example 3 EVCs share fixed UNI bandwidth 3 CIRs can always be met 3 EIRs can not always be assured (simultaneously) Total Bandwidth at UNI EVC1 EVC2 EIR CIR EIR CIR This slide provides a conceptual example of CIR vs EIR where multiple EVCs share the SAME UNI, or transport line. Service example - comparing CIR conformance marked traffic vs. EIR conformance marked traffic: CIR conforming traffic can be marked green, indicating it should be measured upon egress to determine if the traffic is within the Service level objective agreed upon parameters. Traffic that exceeds the CIR is Marked yellow and is not subject to the SLA, hence is not measured at network egress. Traffic that exceeds the EIR is discarded. Traffic Passed at CIR rates are subject to SLS conformance - if other parameters also met EIR CIR EVC3 EIR traffic is marked yellow – not subject to SLS

Application of Bandwidth Profiles Bandwidth profiles may be applied with 3 layers of granularity: Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID Note: Only one profile may be applied to a given service name Bandwidth profiles can be applied per UNI (all traffic regardless of VLAN tag or EVC ID)…or more granular on an EVC basis or even a COS marking such as a customer applied VLAN priority tag). The parameters are similar in concept to those defined for Frame Relay…Committed rates and excess rates – in bits per second. For bursting a burst size buffer allocation can also be specified - in bytes per second.

Three Types of Bandwidth Profiles Defined in MEF 10.1 Port, EVC, and VLAN based BWPs Three Types of Bandwidth Profiles Defined in MEF 10.1 Port-based Port/VLAN-based EVC1 EVC1 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC1 EVC2 EVC2 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI UNI UNI Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC2 EVC3 EVC3 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC3 CE-VLAN CoS 6 Port/VLAN/CoS-based CE-VLAN CoS 4 EVC1 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6 CE-VLAN CoS 2 UNI Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2 EVC2 3 Tiered hierarchical qos: At the physical port At the port and VLAN At the port, VLAN and traffic type or Class of Service

Two Ways to Identify CoS Instance EVC All Service Frames mapped to the same EVC receive the same CoS EVC, priority marking All Service Frames mapped to an EVC with one of a set of user priority values receive the same Class of Service The user may be able to mark the priority with 802.1Q Priority bits in the VLAN Tag Priority Code Point (C-TAG) The user may be able to mark the priority with IP DSCP bits L2CP can have their own CoS ID COS can be applied at the EVC level (same COS for all frames transmitted over the EVC), or can be applied within the EVC by customer defined priority values in the data – such as CE-VLAN IEEE 802.3 “Q” or “p” tag markings.

EVC Related Performance Service Attributes Five performance attributes are considered in MEF 10.2.1 Frame Delay Performance Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance Frame Loss Ratio Performance Availability Performance Resiliency Performance

Frame Delay and Delay Variation This is measured as the time taken for service frames to cross the network Frame Delay is measured from the arrival of the first bit at the ingress UNI to the output of the last bit of the egress UNI. I.e. an end-to-end measurement as the customer views it. Frame Delay Variation Frame Delay Variation is therefore the variation in this delay for a number of frames. This delay is an important factor in the transmission of unbuffered video and where variation occurs in the millisecond range can affect voice quality. For data can cause a number of undesirable effects such as perceived frame loss, etc Frame Delay variation depicts the difference in time gap between two subsequent frames at the ingress UNI in comparison to the delay measured between the arrival of the same frames at the egress UNI. Note: The term Jitter is not an appropriate term to be substituted from Frame Delay Variation Note: The MEF expresses performance of delay and delay variation in percentage terms Note: For most purposes one way delay (rather than round trip delay) is required to establish service quality

Frame Delay Performance One-way Frame Delay Performance for an EVC Defines three performance attributes: the One-way Frame Delay Performance corresponding to a percentile of the distribution, the One-way Mean Frame delay, and the One-way Frame Delay Range. The One-way Frame Delay for an egress Service Frame at a given UNI in the EVC is defined as the time elapsed from the reception at the ingress UNI of the first bit of the corresponding ingress Service Frame until the Transmission of the last bit of the Service Frame at the given UNI. This delay definition is illustrated above Time CE Frame Delay UNI to UNI first bit in last bit in Metro Ethernet Network

Frame Delay Performance Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance for Point-to-Point EVC Inter-Frame Delay Variation (IFDV): The difference between the one-way delays of a pair of selected Service Frames. (same as in RFC3393 [6] where IP packet delay variation is defined.) The Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance: The “P-percentile” of the absolute values of the difference between the Frame delays of all Qualified Service Frame pairs if the difference in the arrival times of the first bit of each Service Frame at the ingress UNI was exactly This definition agrees with IP packet delay variation definition where delay variation is defined as the difference between the one-way delay of two packets selected according to some selection function and are within a given interval [ T1, T2] Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance depends on the choice of the value for . Values for both and T typically should be chosen to achieve a reasonable level of statistical accuracy. [Future work on this slide will simplify the calculations to user-friendly diagrams]

Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance (Example) (Must arrive by T) first time of arrival Of first bit of “i” Service Frame at ingress UNI time of arrival of last bit of “i” Service Frame at Egress UNI Service Frame The difference in delays encountered by frame i and j is given by di – dj For a particular Class of Service instance, Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance metrics may be specified over any given subset of two or more UNIs on an EVC

Frame Loss Ratio (FLR) Frame loss is a measure of the number of lost service frames inside the MEN Frame loss ratio is % = # frames lost / # frames sent time CE CE CE CE Metro Ethernet Metro Ethernet Network Network 5000 frames in UNI to UNI UNI to UNI Frame loss is measured as a ratio of the number of frames lost (lost or discarded at egress due to FCS indicated error) measured at the Egress UNI divided by the number of frames sent as measured at the ingress UNI. Note E-LAN service frame loss ratio measures are left for further study 4995 frames out 5 frames lost/or received as errored 0.1% Frame Loss Ratio (5/5000)

Frame Loss Ratio Performance One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance for an EVC There may be multiple One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance metrics defined for a particular Class of Service instance on an EVC. Each such metric is based on a subset of the ordered pairs of UNIs in the EVC for a time interval “T”. One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance metric is defined as follows: a One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance metric entry must specify a set of parameters and an objective. The parameters and objective of a One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance metric are given in Table 6. Given T, S, and a One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance objective, the One-way Frame Loss Performance SHALL be defined as met over the time interval T for the subset S if and only if [Future work on this slide will simplify the calculations to user-friendly diagrams]

Availability & Resilience Performance One-way Availability Performance for an EVC Availability Performance is based on Service Frame loss during a sequence of consecutive small time intervals and the availability state during the previous small time interval; it is the percentage of time within a specified time interval during which the frame loss is small. if frame loss is high for each small time interval in the current sequence, then the small time interval at the beginning of the current sequence is defined as unavailable; otherwise it is defined as available. One-way Resiliency Performance for an EVC The figure to the right illustrates how the two resiliency attributes defined here, counts of High Loss Intervals and counts of Consecutive High Loss Intervals, fit into the hierarchy of time and other attributes

Examples/Use Cases

Example CoS-based Metro Ethernet SLA UNI Carrier Ethernet Network CE Point-to-Point EVC ISP POP Internet Service Multiplexed Ethernet UNI E-Line Virtual Private Line Service 4 Classes of Service CoS determined via 802.1p CoS ID Common type of SLA used with CoS-based IP VPNs CE UNI UNI Service Class Service Characteristics CoS ID Bandwidth Profile per EVC per CoS ID Service Performance Premium Real-time IP telephony or IP video applications 6, 7 CIR > 0 EIR = 0 Delay < 5ms Jitter < 1ms Loss < 0.001% Silver Bursty mission critical data applications requiring low loss and delay (e.g., Storage) 4, 5 EIR ≤ UNI Speed Jitter = N/S Loss < 0.01% Bronze Bursty data applications requiring bandwidth assurances 3, 4 Delay < 15ms Loss < 0.1% Standard Best effort service 0, 1, 2 CIR=0 EIR=UNI speed Delay < 30ms Loss < 0.5% Applying the methods as defined in MEF 10 to a E-Line Virtual Private Line service example as defined in MEF 6….

Summary

Summary MEF 6.1 uses service attributes and parameters to create different Ethernet services and defines three Ethernet Service types and their associated service attributes and parameters used to create Point-to-Point, Multipoint-to-Multipoint, and Rooted-Multipoint Ethernet services. MEF 10.2 defines the attributes of Ethernet Services observable at a User Network Interface (UNI) and from User Network Interface to User Network Interface (UNI to UNI) and a framework for defining specific instances of Ethernet Services. The 10.2.1 modifies and enhances MEF 10.2 in the definition of Qualified Service Frames, Availability, new performance attributes for resiliency performance and adds new terms.

Final Word Service Attributes & Parameters Next Actions Ethernet Private Line, Ethernet Virtual Private Line, Ethernet LAN attributes and parameters are covered in detail in the specifications Next Actions After reading this document you should now be familiar with the main concepts of Ethernet Services and be in a position to follow the details contained in both the MEF 6.1 and MEF 10.2 and 10.2.1 Specifications This section goes into further detail in detailing the defined Service Attributes and parameters requirement and recommendations as specified for each of the defined services: EPL, EVPL and E-LAN. (Refer to the Specs and the accompanying Ethernet Service Description document for more details)

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