“We Didn’t Start the Fire” Billy Joel condenses the Cold War in under five minutes “We Didn’t Start the Fire” 1

(1949-1989 This period in history will be remembered for many events: The space race Nuclear anxiety Cuban Missile Crisis Fear of Communism Iron Curtain Korean war Vietnam 2

Billy Joel Joel explained that he wrote this song due to his interest in history. He commented that he would have wanted to be a history teacher had he not become a rock and roll singer. 3

1949 Harry S. Truman Doris Day Red China Johnny Ray South Pacific Walter Winchell Joe Dimaggio 4

1950 1950 Joe McCarthy Richard Nixon Studebaker Television North Korea South Korea Marilynn Monroe 5

1951 Rosenburg H-Bomb Sugar Ray Panmunjom Brando The King and I The Catcher in the Rye 6

1952 Eisenhower Vaccine England’s got a new Queen Marciano Liberace Santayana good-bye 7

Chorus We didn't start the fire  It was always burning,  Since the world's been turning.  We didn't start the fire  Well we didn't light it,  But we tried to fight it. 8

1953 Joseph Stalin Malenkov Nasser Prokofiev Rockefeller Campanella Communist Bloc 9

1954 Roy Cohn Juan Peron Tosconini Darcon Dien Ben Phi falls Rock around the clock 10

1955 Einstein James Dean Brooklyn’s got a winning team Davy Crockett Peter Pan Elvis Presley Disneyland 11

1956 Bardot Budapest Alabama Kruschehev Princess Grace Peyton Place Trouble in the Suez 12

Chorus We didn't start the fire  It was always burning,  Since the world's been turning.  We didn't start the fire  Well we didn't light it,  But we tried to fight it. 13

1957 Little Rock Pasternok Mickey Mantle Kerouac Sputnik Chou En-Lai Bridge on the River Kwai 14

1958 Lebanon Charles de Gaulle California Baseball Starkweather Homicide Children of the Thalidomide 15

1959 Buddy Holly Ben Hur Space Monkeys Mafia Hula Hoops Castro Edsel is a no go 16

1960 U-2 Syngman Rhee Payola Kennedy Chubby Checker Psycho Belgians in Congo 17

Chorus We didn't start the fire  It was always burning,  Since the world's been turning.  We didn't start the fire  Well we didn't light it,  But we tried to fight it. 18

1961 Hemingway Eichmann Stranger in a Strange Land Dylan Berlin Bay of Pigs Invasion 19

1962 Lawrence of Arabia British Beatlemania Ole Miss John Glenn Liston beats Patterson 20

1963 Pope Paul Malcolm X British Politician Sex JFK blown away 21

Chorus We didn't start the fire  It was always burning,  Since the world's been turning.  We didn't start the fire  Well we didn't light it,  But we tried to fight it. 22

1964-1989 Birth Control Ho Chi-Minh Richard Nixon back again Moonshot Russians in Afghanistan Wheel of Fortune Sally Ride Heavy Metal Suicide Foreign debt Homeless vets AIDS Crack Bernie Goetz Hypodermics on the shore China’s under Martial Law Rock and Roller Cola Wars Birth Control Ho Chi-Minh Richard Nixon back again Moonshot Woodstock Watergate Punk Rock Menachem Begin Reagan Palestine Terror on the airlines Ayatollahs in Iran 23

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Guiding Purpose Learning Target: We will introduce the tensions in the post WWII era. Closing Task: I will describe the division in Europe after World War II. Preassessment Questions Covered: 11, 31

Vocabulary 4. Iron Curtain - term coined by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War.

Differing U.S. & Soviet Goals Despite the agreement at Yalta and presence on the Security Council of the UN, the Soviet Union and United States split after the war The war had affected each country differently The U.S. suffered less deaths, and maintained their status as the richest and most powerful country in the world The damage the Soviet Union faced was almost unbearable Most Soviet cities were demolished, they had 50 times more casualties, and their economy destroyed These contrasting situations, as well as political and economic differences, impacted the two countries’ postwar goals

Idealized Communism “An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people land, factories, railroads, and businesses private property does not exist all goods and services are to be shared equally No social classes

Communism Envisioned by Marx Everyone is EQUAL Peasants Communists Military leaders Business managers

Soviet Union Communism Totalitarianism- form of government in which the national government takes control of all aspects of both public and private life There still are social classes

How was the idea of communism different from reality? QUIZ WIZ How was the idea of communism different from reality? Although there weren’t supposed to be classes, there were in the Soviet system. People are supposed to be in power, but in reality they were oppressed.

The United States of America America is a democracy that has: a capitalist economic system free elections competing political parties

Capitalism “One million dollars!” “An economic system in which money is invested with the goal of making more money (profit).” “One million dollars!”

Capitalism vs. Communism What do I wanna be, when I grow up?

The choice is not yours

Capitalism vs. Communism

Capitalism vs. Communism

QUIZ WIZ What is the difference between the U.S.S.R.’s Totalitarian Communism and the U.S. Capitalist Democracy? U.S.S.R.-Totalitarianism: Government controls all aspects of private and public life Communism: An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people land, factories, railroads, and businesses private property does not exist U.S.- Democracy: Free elections, competing political parities, freedoms Capitalism: investment of money into business to make a profit

Let the Cold War Competition Begin!

Had been attacked by Poland, Sweden, France (Napoleon), and Germany Soviets Build a Buffer A major goal of the Soviet Union was to shield itself from another invasion from the west Throughout history they feared invasion because they lacked natural western borders Had been attacked by Poland, Sweden, France (Napoleon), and Germany

Satellite Nations Stalin installed “satellite” communist governments in the Eastern European countries of Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia and East Germany after WWII Justified taking over Eastern Europe as a buffer against German aggression This after promising “free elections” for Eastern Europe at the Yalta Conference (So… he lied) The Soviet Union suffered an estimated 25 million WWII deaths, half of whom were civilian As a result they felt justified in their claim to Eastern Europe Furthermore, they felt they needed Eastern Europe as a buffer against future German aggression In a 1946 speech, Stalin said communism and capitalism were incompatible – and another war was inevitable

Potsdam Conference Truman, Stalin, and Churchill met in Potsdam, Germany in July 1945 President Truman expressed Stalin’s reluctance to allow free elections in satellite nations was a clear violation of those countries’ rights Truman continued to press Stalin to permit free elections in Eastern Europe Stalin refused and declared that “communism and capitalism could not exist in the same world.”

What promise did Stalin break in Eastern Europe? QUIZ WIZ What promise did Stalin break in Eastern Europe? He promised to hold free, democratic elections but instead appointed communist leaders

The Iron Curtain Europe was now divided into two political regions; a mostly democratic Western Europe and a communist Eastern Europe Germany was also split into two sections Soviets controlled Eastern Germany, including half of the capital, Berlin while the other half was free The phrase “iron curtain” came to stand for the division of Europe (Churchill Speech)

Churchill’s iron curtain speech P R I M A RY SO U R C E From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. . . . All these famous cities and the populations around them lie in the Soviet sphere and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and increasing measure of control from Moscow. --------WINSTON CHURCHILL, “Iron Curtain” speech, March 5, 1946

No physical barrier was created that separated the continent The Iron Curtain No physical barrier was created that separated the continent Term Iron Curtain was just a symbolic divide between Communist and Non-Communist countries

Map Activity Page 532 in your book Label all and color all communist countries in 1948 Label and color all non communist countries MARK the “Iron Curtain” Color code your map and label in the Key Box

Guiding Purpose Learning Target: We will introduce the tensions in the post WWII era. Closing Task: I will describe the division in Europe after World War II. Preassessment Questions Covered: 11, 31