ISP 4860: Senior Seminar 2 Winter 2011 Section 001 (Bowen) Class 1, January 10 Course web site:

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0012 Starting Off Things to do:  Initial the signin sheet (every week) If “No” for , log on to Pipeline to activate opipeline.wayne.edu  Pick up a copy of the Syllabus and Topics Review of Syllabus  Meeting next two weeks in Computer Lab C (Room 3150) in the Undergraduate Library  Semester assignment: 25-page research paper Suggested format: five Chapters with suggested topics, each Chapter averaging five pages

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0013 Review of Syllabus Contact information for David Bowen Office hours Textbooks and other references Assignment schedule Listing of normal Chapter topics for paper Grading scale  10% means one letter grade  Strong push to get drafts in, keep up to date

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0014 Review of Syllabus Grade Appeals Accommodations Plagiarism  What it is  Consequences  When it usually happens

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0015 Paper Topics Overall – “the human footprint” on earth Your paper zeroes in on one subtopic  List in right column of assignment schedule on Pg 2 of Syllabus  Seven sections, five Chapters – also Pg 2 Footnotes not in MLA style Part of each class on information for each subtopic Read “your” Chapter in SOP ASAP

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0016 During Each Class… Info on human footprint and subtopics Research requirements  Number and quality of references  Research notebooks  References and citations  You will find large numbers of references in any these areas Writing  One aspect each week  Class writing activity

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0017 During Each Class… Also some time on the US / World financial crisis – why?  Something to do with Economy and Development  But also a large system that we do not understand Like the ecosystem We depend on the ecosystem – Ecosystem Services We do not understand it as well as we think we do, so we should be cautious here

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0018 Course Website What is/will be there:  All handouts and class notes  Link to Moodle  Link to Libraries  News stories related to course  Original documents related to course Miss a class? Download materials, review, ask questions before next class

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 0019 Course Website and Moodle Look at course website  In this course, turn work in and get it back online using Moodle (alternative to BlackBoard)  Pictures for Moodle this week and next week – be ready, or use your own How to use – two weeks, UGL Comp Lab 3

The Human Footprint

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Human Footprint Quick review of subtopics – all interlocked  Population  Urbanization  Development / disease  Food / fish  Institutional Capacity and Failed States  Water  Ecosystem services  Energy / Global Warming  Sustainability  Consumption & waste  Land: dwelling & food  Tragedy of Commons Handout

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Human Footprint Refers to total human impact on earth  Includes how we affect ourselves US is not typical – we are at the rich end Many systems world depends on are stretched now Will get worse  Earth’s population 6.6 B now, headed for 9.4 B – ↑ 50%

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Human Population (Billions) Region2007 Pop2050 UN est. World China India US Europe More Developed1.2 Less Developed Least Developed

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Human Footprint Footprint will get larger  Rest of humanity wants to be like developed world  US ~4.5% of population  For example, we consume 20 M Bbl/day of petroleum, whole world consumes 80 (US 25%)  Factor of 5.6 greater if they achieve our current lifestyle

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Human Footprint Will get worse  Plus safety factor because systems are stretched now, maybe 1.5  Total increase in consumption: 1.5 (population) × 5.6 (consumption) × 1.5 (safety) = 12.6  No one knows how to produce this much more in any aspect  THEREFORE: future will be VERY different

Your Research Paper

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Scope: Three Aspects The range or scope for each topic has six aspects: a.Adequacy of current supply b.Adequacy if current trends continue  Population, development c.New technology and methods d.Sustainability e.Subtopic scope: all types (e.g. for food), a class of types (e.g. grains) or one type (e.g. rice) f.Geographical scope: worldwide, regional or national? (NOT local, e.g. Detroit))

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Choosing Your Scope On your own, you can narrow one of f or g by one level If you want to narrow two aspects or more than one level of the scope, you need to:  Describe what you want to do  Get my approval If, when you submit your topic on Moodle, you just use the one-word topic, you are choosing the full scope (all 3 aspects)

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Stick With Your Choice In the past, many people said they kept changing their topic because they “found more research resources” on another topic  They did not finish the paper (did not even get a good start)  You will be able to find more than enough resources on any one of these topics  If you do change topic, you have to repost on Moodle. Do not erase old topic, just put the new one underneath

Financial Crisis

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Economy The $1 economy The economy as a wheel – the money wheel  If the money moves quickly, we all get more of it, but we have to spend it quickly  If we stop spending, the wheel stops  If we slow our spending, everyone slows down, everyone gets poor and anxious Theory of capitalism – let people buy what they want, the buy more, we get prosperity

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section The Economy Our economy relies on credit  All electronic money is credit, for example  Credit can be moved around the money wheel much faster than cash  If we had to use cash, the money wheel would turn much more slowly – we would all be much poorer Banks must work to lend money quickly if the money wheel is to spin quickly

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Recession Brief history: 1.High investor demand for mortgages 2.Risky mortgages sold, then resold to investors such as banks (“toxic assets”) 3.“Housing bubble” burst, house prices fell 4.Foreclosures, bank sales at low prices, more foreclosures 5.House buyers wait for lower prices, sales fall, house prices fall again, etc.

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Recession Brief history: 6.Banks can’t sell toxic assets, don’t know how much they are worth, don’t know how much the banks are worth, get nervous, hoard cash 7.Banks stop lending, money wheel slows down for everyone 8.“Real economy” starts downward spiral 9.Job losses, more foreclosures, housing prices drop, people walk away from houses 10.If people get used to this, gets hard to stop

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Recession If everyone spends their money the way they see fit, does the economy work well?  Yes: Milton Friedman, Dominated recent economics. If government borrows money, that drives up interest rates, innovation slows, economy slows  No: John Maynard Keynes, 1183 – Government is “the spender of last resort” and must tax/borrow and spend to kick-start the money wheel, to stimulate the economy

Recovery China and US were/are coupled together  China has large migration to cities, needs jobs No social safety net, citizens save for health crises, retirement and children’s education So low consumption Must export  US (comparatively) high labor costs, much manufacturing outsourced Larger retired/retiring population 1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 00126

Recovery China and US were/are coupled together  US economy 70% consumption, 30% manufacturing must borrow to finance consumption  China 30% consumption, 70% manufacturing Buys US debt by issuing new renminbi (yuan) One of underlying causes of mortgage bubble  Long-term, both must move to China needs to add high-value manufacturing US must control deficits, manufacture more 1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 00127

Costs China and India have new prosperity, growing economies, need raw materials  China very aggressive on long-term contracts world-wide Prices for raw materials world-wide are growing Can prosperity based on material consumption keep going long-term?  Probably need a new type of consumption 1/10/11ISP 4860 Section 00128

Writing

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Teaching Writing In the past, I spent a lot of course time and on writing, and grading time on correcting writing problems It didn’t seem to make any difference  Those who wrote well coming in, did well  Those who could not write, didn’t seem to apply anything we went over What to do?

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section #1 Reason for Writing To organize your own thinking #1 Way to Good Writing Have something you want to say #1 Way to Find Mistakes Read your Essay out loud to yourself, and listen

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section then link to Writing Guide, or use The Everyday Writer Writing Center in 2310 UGL / The OWL at Purdue (link on website) Many of you have heard this before, but the problem is applying this stuff More Examples and Details

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Common Writing Problems Functional grammar  Rules of grammar have a purpose – to transmit meaning  Rules of grammar are always changing  Different grammars for different groups  Get too far from the group’s grammar and you are not understood (must change with changes)  The further you get from the group’s grammar, the harder it is to understand you

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Common Writing Problems Functional grammar Being able to use good standard grammar is like dressing well for a job interview

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section Writing Write one-half page on how this year is starting out for you – fifteen minutes  Give a clear overall impression of your experience  Give specific examples in an organized manner  No spelling or grammar standards as long as meaning is clear Group critique – read yours aloud to the group Whole group discusses each piece and makes suggestions for improvements, you take notes Rewrite, turn both in

1/10/11ISP 4860 Section For Next Week… Have:  Three-ring research binder  3½-inch floppy diskette labeled with your name, or a USB flash drive, any capacity Next two weeks: class meets in Computer Lab C (Room 3150) UGL, then back here  A way to access an account using a web browser – do you know your password? Be ready for Moodle picture