Warm-Water Fish Farming

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-Water Fish Farming Authors: Ing. Jindřich Petr, JUDr. Bohuslav Petr Subject: Fisheries E-mail: jindrichpetr@centrum.cz, bohpetr@centrum.cz

Content Warm-water fish Warm-water fish species Pond fish farm Farming process in pond fish farm Integrated agriculture and fish production Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) Future trends

Warm-water fish Warm-water fish – above 26°C - less oxygen - faster growth – shorter life - harder to keep Cold-water fish – below 20°C - more oxygen - slower growth – longer life - easier to keep

Pic. 1. Tilapia Source: www.biomar.com

Warm-water fish species European catfish – Silurus glanis European eel – Anquilla anquilla Zander – Sander luciopera Perch - Perca fluviatilis Carp – Cyprinus carpio African sharptooth catfish - Clarias gariepinus Tilapia – Oreochromis niloticus

Pic. 2. Catfish in India Source: www.stjosephpost.com

Pond fish farms 3 types of ponds: Fry nursing ponds – ichtyoplankton - optimum size 0,5 – 1 ha Fingerling ponds – juvenile fish - optimum size 4 – 8 ha Food – fish ponds – optimum size 10 – 20 ha - 90 % of total pond area Minimum depth – 1 m Smaller ponds = higher yields

Pic. 3. Warm-water fish hatchery – larval rearing pond Source: www.data.fao.org

Pic. 4. Industrial aquaculture system Source: www.processaquatics.com

Farming process in pond fish farms 3 aspects: Fish stocking - density - monoculture / polyculture Fertilization – important N:P ratio Feeding – natural food production / feeding WELFARE – stress, diseases, water quality, food quality, environmental factors, transport

Integrated agriculture and fish production Crops and fish production – rice, mulberry, sugar-cane, mushrooms etc. Livestock and fish production – pigs, ducks

Pic. 5. Fish-rice ecosystem in China Source: www.kaleidoscope.cultural-china.com

Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) Higher production – artificial tanks Lower demand on water – recirculation Lower demand on space Lower effluents and pollution – biofilters and water treatment Lower diseases

Pic. 6. RAS concept Source: www.akvagroup.com

Future trends Horizontal RAS – airlifts / pumps Denitrification, biogas and water cleaning Aquaponics – marcophytes, microphytes Pic. 7. Aquaponics system Source: www.en.wikipedia.org

Thank you for your attention!

List of used literature Amlacher, E. Textbook of fish diseases. New Jersey, TFH Publications Inc., 1970. 302 pp. Herwig, N. Handbook of drugs and chemicals used in the treatment of fish diseases. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1979. 272 pp. Horváth, L., Tamás, G. a A. G. Coche. Common Carp 2: Mass production of advanced fry and fingerlings in ponds. FAO Training Seires, 1985. vol. 9, 85 pp. Mareš, J. a Lang, Š. (eds.). Zkušenosti s chovem ryb v recirkulačním systému dánského typu. Sborník příspěvků. Mendelova univerzita v Brně, 2013. 96 s. ISBN 978-80-7375-919-3. New, M.B. Feed and feeding of fish and shrimp: A manual on the preparation and presentation of compound feeds for shrimp and fish in aquaculture. FAO, 1987. 275 pp. Pickering, A.D. (ed.). Stress and fish. London, Academic Press, 1981. 368 pp. Woynarovich, E. a Horváth, L. The artificial propagation of warmwater finfishes. A manual for extension. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 1984. vol. 201, 183 pp. ISBN 92-5-100999-6.