THE 1970S Chapter 24 UNIT 7 SEMESTER 2
RICHARD NIXON 1969-1974
LAW AND ORDER POLITICS Nixon appealed to a “Silent Majority” of Americans to support his policy of taking action against war protesters, students and anti-establishment groups that committed criminal acts
THE ENERGY CRISIS OPEC In response to Israel’s victory in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, the Oil Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) quadrupled the price of oil in 1974
STAGFLATION An increase in unemployment and inflation at the same time
CAUSES OF THE ENERGY CRISIS OPEC QUADRUPLES THE PRICE OF OIL U.S. DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN OIL LACK OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCES
EFFECTS OF THE ENERGY CRISIS INCREASED FUEL PRICES FUEL CONSERVATION INFLATION FACTORIES AND BUSINESSES CLOSE
REALPOILITK
NIXON VISITS CHINA
NIXON VISITS MOSCOW SALT I TREATY First treaty to limit the production of nuclear weapons
DETENTE
WATERGATE
WATERGATE/”ENEMIES LIST” In response to Vietnam War protesters, radical Civil Rights groups, and influential people that supported them, President Nixon created a domestic covert operations team that attempted to subvert, discredit and damage the reputation, private lives, and in some cases; the careers and financial security of his so-called “enemies”
NIXON’S “ENEMIES” VIETNAM WAR PROTESTERS RADICAL CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS The Weathermen Hippies RADICAL CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS Black Panthers LIBERAL JOURNALISTS LIBERAL ACTIVISTS 1972 DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES SUPPORTED BY “ENEMIES”
WATERGATE HEARINGS
WATERGATE HEARINGS
SATURDAY NIGHT MASSACRE
“SMOKING GUN” TAPES After President Nixon refused to hand over the White House tapes, Congress sued the President on behalf of the American people. In U.S. v. Nixon (1974), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 8-0 in favor of Congress. Through the process of Judicial Review, Nixon was ordered by the court to hand over the tapes.
“SMOKING GUN” TAPES
WOODWARD AND BERNSTEIN
All the President’s Men
GERALD FORD 1974-1977
PARDON OF NIXON President Ford told the American people that it was time to heal and move on from Watergate Ford’s approval rating fell 20%; he never politically recovered
ASSASSINATION ATTEMPTS
THE FALL OF SAIGON AND CAMBODIA
JIMMY CARTER 1977-1981
NATIONAL ENERGY ACT Placed tax on gas-guzzling cars Tax breaks for the development of alternative fuels Free market for oil and natural gas produced in the U.S.
CAMP DAVID ACCORDS
HUMAN RIGHTS FOREIGN POLICY President Carter discontinued economic, military and intelligence aid to several repressive governments that had been key allies during the Cold War
ISLAMIC REVOLUTION IN IRAN
IRANIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS
SANDINISTA REVOLUTION IN NICARAGUA
EARTH DAY
ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT
THREE MILE ISLAND
NO NUKES