Solid zinc sulfide + oxygen gas  Write the chemical equation that relates to each of the following word equations. Include symbols for physical states in the equation. 11.A Solid zinc sulfide + oxygen gas  solid zinc oxide + sulfur dioxide gas

Aqueous hydrochloric acid + aqueous barium hydroxide  Write the chemical equation that relates to each of the following word equations. Include symbols for physical states in the equation. 11.b Aqueous hydrochloric acid + aqueous barium hydroxide  aqueous barium chloride + water

Drill – 2/17/10 Balance the following equation: Potassium and water react to produce potassium hydroxide and hydrogen.

Types of Chemical Reactions

States of matter symbols used in chemical equations (s) solid (l) liquid (aq) in aqueous solution (dissolved in water) (g) gas

Types of Chemical Reactions Synthesis Decomposition Single Displacement Double Displacement Combustion

Synthesis Two or more reactants combine to form a single product A + B  AB General Form Example: 2Al(s) + 3Br2(l)  2AlBr3(s)

Decomposition A single reactant breaks down to form multiple products. Often energy is required. JK  J + K General Form Example:

Single Displacement One reactant replaces a similar component in the other reactant. Cation Displacement: General Form A + BX  AX + B Anion Displacement: General Form Y + BX  BY + X

Double Displacement Two cations and two anions swap components and rearrange. General Form: AX + BY  AY + BX Example: AgNO3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO3

Combustion A substance combines with oxygen, releasing large amounts of energy in the form of light and heat. Usually combustion rxns yield the products carbon dioxide and water. General Form: CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O Example: The metabolism of glucose. C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g)  6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)

Combustion of Fuel Let’s look at what happens in a carburetor/fuel injector when gasoline is burned. This exothermic reaction produces lots of heat energy and carbon dioxide gas and water vapor that drives the pistons to rotate a turbine. This turns the drive shaft, which is transferred into tire rotation. The accelerator is what regulates the amount of fuel entering the engine to be burned.