ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION Sub Topic : History of Artificial Insemination Objectively of Artificial Insemination Advantage and Disadvantage of Artificial Insemination Program of Artificial Insemination

Lecture Dr. Hardijanto MS Drh Dr. Suherni Susilowati, MKes, Drh Trilas Sarjito, MS, Drh

Definition Artifitial Insemination is a process which by sperm are collected from male, processed, stored, artificially introduced into the male reproduction tract with the purpose of conception. Artificial Insemination is the most important single technique devised for genetic improvement of animals.

History of Artificial Insemination Shoutz (Saudi Arabia) --- trying collected semen from horse vagina immediately after mating by wearing sponge -----and then semen entered to vagina of horse which is estrus-----pregnant Antoni Van Leuwenhoek (Holland) and Johan Hamm (1677)----first of time can see of sperm by microscope Lazaro Spalanzani (Psychologist from Itally)(1780)-----making a success of insemination in dog Heape (1884-1896) from England ------making a success of insemination in dog (cross breed)

Cont Ivanof (Russia)(1922)---- first of time a success of insemination at sheep and ram Rapiquet (Franch)----insemination at horse can overcome sterility and lower of conception rate Amantea (Psychologis from Roma) (1914)---to research about spermatology with laboratory animal of dog, chicken and merpati bird. And he was the first to create of artificial vagina. Roemmele (1926) ----he was the first to succesfully create of artifial vagina for cow Prof.Fred F.Mckenzie (1913)(USA) ---- he was the first to succesfully create of artificial vagina for sheep and goat

Cont A.Walton (1933) (England) ----succeding to send semen of suffox goat which keep at 10o Celcius temperatur from England to Rusia and Polandia Milowanov (1913-1936)(Russia)----Insemination of sheep Prof.Eduard Sorensen (1936)----founding co-operation of artificial insemination in Denmark Prof.Enos J.Perry ----founding co-operation of artificial in USA Polge, Smith and Parke(1949) (England) ----with freezing technique until – 79o Celcius, wearing solid CO2 (dry ice) with extender citrat egg yolk and glycerol

Artificial Insemination In Indonesia Firstly, introduce by Prof.B.Seit from Denmark (1950) And then was founded centre of AI in : - Grati (East Java) - Purworejo and Ungaran (Central Java) - Pengalengan (Bandung) - Pakong (Madura) - Padang (West Sumatra) - 1950-1972--- AI with Liquid semen - 1972- now ---- AI with Frozen Semen

Cont -3 April 1976 :Iis founded hall of AI in Lembang -1984 : is founded hall of AI (BIB) in Singosari -2001 : is founded hall of AI in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga University

Objectives of Artificial Insemination Improving acceleration of spreading of superior genes Reducing of spreading venereal diseases

Advantages of Artificial Insemination Genetic improvement Reducing the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases Economic service (Decreasing maintanance of male) Improving ability a superior male to serve female . Reducing maintanance cost risk of male Stimulate breeder to do recording about production and reproduction Intertwine chummy relation between breeder with inseminator

Cont Radius service of AI is not limited Selection of male for semen collection Freezing technique can be kept during old ones ( 15-25 years) Mating between some livestock type in one species Continuation of clan of defect superior livestock types AI can be use to mate of silent heat female

Disadvantages of Artificial Insemination Need well trained inseminators Handling of frozen semen which is legeartis quicken spreading venereal disease Selection and recording less careful hence spreading of is nature undersirable livestock easy to extend When is skill of inseminator of AI in detecting pregnant female less hence happened abortion

Structure of Duties Mentioning advantages and disadvantgaes of artificial insemination Explain history of artificial insemination in Indonesia