Warm Up 1. What is a biotic factor? List 2 examples. 2. What is an abiotic factor? List 2 examples. 3. What is a food web?

Daily Agenda & Objectives SWBAT construct an accurate food web and discuss the implications of species extinction in the web. Warm Up/Obj Quick Review of Biodiversity Vocabulary Guided Notes Alien Food Web Activity Exit Ticket

REVIEW: What is the biosphere? The biosphere is all life on Earth

Interdependence Every species is linked in an ecosystem and relies on the other for survival EXAMPLE: Plants provide food, shelter, and nesting sites for other organisms. For their part, many plants depend upon animals for help in reproduction (bees pollinate flowers, for instance) and for certain nutrients (such as minerals in animal waste products). All animals are part of food webs that include plants and animals of other species (and sometimes the same species).

Video http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=food+web

A food web is...A diagram showing the transfer of energy through a food chain/web.

Energy Pyramid An energy pyramid is a diagram in which each trophic level is represented by a block. The blocks are stacked one on top of another, with the lowest trophic level on the bottom. Each trophic level in an energy pyramid has less energy available to it than the level below.

Other Energy Pyramids What habitat would each belong to?

What’s on the Menu? Herbivores – plant eaters (primary consumers) Carnivores – meat eaters (secondary consumers) Omnivores – plant and meat eaters (secondary or tertiary consumers)

Who eats more, a bear or a bird? WHY?!

It’s because of TROPHIC LEVELS… Trophic levels describe the transfer of energy through a food web Only about 10% of the energy is passed on to the next trophic level (to each higher level in the food chain.) IN OTHER WORDS…As you get higher on the food chain, less energy is transferred from consumer to consumer, meaning MORE FOOD is needed to provide energy needs.

Food Chain Step-by-Step 1. Producers are the beginning of a food chain because all of the other organisms in the food chain depend on the food energy that is made by producers.

2. The next organisms in the food chain are primary consumers, which eat producers.

3. Next come secondary consumers, then tertiary consumers, and so forth until the top carnivore is reached.

The end is only the beginning All organisms in the food chain are decomposed by decomposers. The decomposers break down dead plants and animals to create rich soil for plants.

The food chain above shows the flow of energy from a producer, algae, to the consumers in the ecosystem. Minnows are primary consumers, salmon are secondary consumers, and bears are tertiary consumers. The arrows in a food chain or a food web represent the direction of energy flow. The arrow points from the organism that is being consumed to the organism that is receiving energy. For example, in the food chain above, the arrow points from the algae to the minnow. This means that the minnow is consuming the algae and receiving energy.

QQ: List 2 biotic and 2 abiotic factors in the picture.

2. Def: Producers are plants and take energy from the sun.

3. Def: Consumers are animals that eat producers or other consumers.

QQ: Is the fish a producer or a consumer?

4. Def: Decomposers are fungi or bacteria that break down dead organisms into rich soil.

Food Chain Example

4. Def: A carnivore is an animal that only eats meat.

Carni (meat) + vore (eat) = Carnivore Carnivores have sharp teeth or beaks that are designed for tearing and cutting meat. Cats, tiger sharks, hawks, crocodiles are examples of carnivores.

5. Def: A herbivore only eats producers.

Herbi (plant) + vore (eat) = Herbivore Herbivore - An organism that mainly eats plants is called an herbivore. Herbivores often have teeth that are designed for crushing tough plant stalks. Grasshoppers, rabbits, horses, manatees, and the other organisms pictured below are examples of herbivores.

6. Def: An omnivore eats both plants and animals.

Omni (all) + vore (eat) = Omnivore Omnivore - An organism that commonly eats both plants and animals is called an omnivore. Omnivores often have many different ways of getting and eating food. Humans are omnivores, which is why our teeth come in so many different shapes. Omnivores also include rats, chickens, flies, bears, and the other organisms shown below.

Humans are mainly omnivores. We eat both meat and plants Humans are mainly omnivores. We eat both meat and plants. Some humans choose to not eat meat at all, though.

1. QQ: What are the plants in a food web called?

Plants are PRODUCERS Plants produce (or create) energy for consumers who eat plants.

QQ: Is this cheetah a prey or a predator?

Cheetahs are PREDATORS Predators hunt for their food, called prey. Predators are carnivores, because they must kill their meat before they eat it.

4. Def: A scavenger is an animal that eats other dead animals but DOES NOT hunt them.

Examples of Scavengers Vultures, raccoons, blowflies, hyenas

Food Web Example The diagram below shows a simple food web. Which animal is classified as an herbivore? A. Red fox B. Deer C. Black bear D. Owl

Answer: B The deer is classified as the herbivore. The red fox, black bear, and owl all consume energy by eating the rabbit and/or the deer.

FAST FACT Owls must eat ¼ of their own body weight every night to survive!

So how does this effect us? BIOMAGNIFICATION refers to the increased concentration of a toxic chemical as an animal gets higher on the food chain.

Label: Producer, 1o consumer, 2o consumer, 3o consumer If the aquatic plant had DDT, rank its consumers from 1-5 with their level of gathered DDT (1 = least and 5 = most)

WHAT’S COOKING IN THE FOREST?

Food Web Lab

Alien Food Web Work with ONE (1) Partner on the Food Web Lab Completed products will include: Food Web Drawing: 1 per 2 students Analysis Paragraphs: 1 per 2 student You will create a food web based on the information on the back of your notes. The activity uses unfamiliar species names. You should build your web from the bottom up.

Alien Food Web STEP 1: COMPLETE ROUGH DRAFT OF YOUR FOOD WEB WITH PARTNER ON NOTEBOOK PAPER STEP 2: SHOW MS. Y AND GET APPROVAL STEP 3: GET COPY PAPER AND CREATE FINAL DRAFT STEP 4: ANSWER QUESTIONS TOGETHER STEP 5: TURN IN FOR A LAB GRADE

Exit Ticket: QUIZ