Rise of Islam Agenda Key Vocabulary Section 1 – The Rise of Islam

KEY VOCABULARY bedouins hijrah jihad mosques Muhammad Islam Muslims Qur’ an

I. The Rise of Islam A.Arabia: Its Geography and People 1.Bordered by Arabian Sea (south), Persian Gulf (east) and Red Sea (west). 2.Mostly desert (bad for growing crops) 3.Bedouins a.Nomads b.Herded sheep and camels c.Tribes led by sheikhs d.Mecca – major trade route and center of religion and culture

I. The Rise of Islam (continued) B. The Prophet Muhammad 1.Born circa 570 C.E. 2.Poor, illiterate caravan trader 3.At about 40 years old, had a vision of Gabriel (Jibreel) calling him to be a prophet. 4.People of Mecca resisted his message at first – fled to Yathrib (Medina) – known as the hijrah. 5.Began to gain followers, took over Mecca and converted the Kaaba to a shrine to Allah. 6.Died in 632 – after converting many of the bedouin tribes and naming his new religion – Islam.

I. The Rise of Islam (continued) C. The Faith of Islam 1.Monotheistic – one God 2.Islam – means “submission to the will of God.” 3.Followers are called Muslims 4.Holy book called the Qur’an (Koran) a.Word of God revealed to Muhammad b.Instructions for right living c.Includes the 5 Pillars of Islam i.The profession of faith ii.The five daily prayers iii.Paying zakat iv.Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan v.Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once, if possible. d.Other dietary, dress and living rules. e.Written in Arabic – holy language to Muslims f.Memorized by Muslims in Arabic 5.Jihad – the struggle to defend the faith

I. The Rise of Islam (continued) C. The Faith of Islam (continued) 6. Mosques a.Muslim place of worship b.No furnishings. c.Prayers on prayer mats/rugs d.No images of people/animals. e.Worship led by those who are trained in the Koran and Islamic law. f.Holy day – Friday – worship at noon. g.Men/women are separated. Women worship in a separate place or at home.

Mecca