Date: May 2, 2011 Topic: Review Day 2 Aim: How can we diagnose our weaknesses and remedy them through review? Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions.

ANSWERS WITH PERCENTAGES 32.) D – 52% 32.) D – 52% 33.) A – 63% 33.) A – 63% 34.) A – 52% 34.) A – 52% 35.) E – 55% 35.) E – 55% 36.) B – 84% 36.) B – 84% 37.) C – 69% 37.) C – 69% 38.) D – 64% 38.) D – 64% 39.) B – 52% 39.) B – 52% 40.) A – 19% 40.) A – 19% 41.) A – 58% 41.) A – 58% 42.) E – 48% 42.) E – 48% 43.) B – 64% 43.) B – 64%

EVERYTHING FLOWS FROM THE CONSTITUTION

Constitution Why was the Constitution written? Virginia/NJ/Connecticut- Great Compromise. Why was the Constitution written? Virginia/NJ/Connecticut- Great Compromise. Three/Fifths Compromise. Three/Fifths Compromise. Who was it written by? Who was it written for? Ex: Economic Interpretation of the Constitution by Charles Beard. Who was it written by? Who was it written for? Ex: Economic Interpretation of the Constitution by Charles Beard. Federal System of government. Federal System of government. Three Branches/Checks and Balances. Three Branches/Checks and Balances. Amendments – Why? How can they be? Amendments – Why? How can they be? Federalist Papers – Ex: #10 – threat of factions/#50 – importance of checks and balances. Federalist Papers – Ex: #10 – threat of factions/#50 – importance of checks and balances. Federalist#10 – interest groups – Pluralism/Hyperpluralism/Elitist Federalist#10 – interest groups – Pluralism/Hyperpluralism/Elitist Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Bill of Rights. Bill of Rights. Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause  allows for the government of the United States to make all laws necessary and proper to govern the United States. Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause  allows for the government of the United States to make all laws necessary and proper to govern the United States. Commerce Clause  Congress the power to regulate commerce with other nations and with the states. Commerce Clause  Congress the power to regulate commerce with other nations and with the states.

Constitution Civil War Amendments – 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th – Free, Citizens, Vote. Civil War Amendments – 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th – Free, Citizens, Vote. Due Process Clause/Equal Protection  No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Due Process Clause/Equal Protection  No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Full Faith and Credit Clause  ensures that judicial decisions rendered by the courts in one state are recognized and honored in every other state. Full Faith and Credit Clause  ensures that judicial decisions rendered by the courts in one state are recognized and honored in every other state. Supremacy Clause  the Constitution as the Supreme law of the land. Supremacy Clause  the Constitution as the Supreme law of the land.

Checks and Balances  Requires each of the three branches of government to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control the others. Power is shared among these three institutions.

May 3, 2011 Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions. Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions. 44.) C – 41%  NEXT SLIDE DON’T YOU WORRY! 44.) C – 41%  NEXT SLIDE DON’T YOU WORRY! 45.) A – 89% 45.) A – 89% 46.) A – 60% 46.) A – 60% 47.) E – 47% 47.) E – 47% 48.) D – 66% 48.) D – 66% 49.) A – 37% 49.) A – 37% 50.) C – 71% 50.) C – 71% 51.) B – 49% 51.) B – 49% 52.) E – 58% 52.) E – 58% 53.) D – 29% 53.) D – 29% 54.) A – 49% 54.) A – 49% 55.) E – 57% 55.) E – 57% 56.) C – 40% 56.) C – 40%

The Warren Court – Chief Justice Earl Warren – Chief Justice Earl Warren 1954  laws requiring segregation of schools unconstitutional – Brown v. Board of Education  laws requiring segregation of schools unconstitutional – Brown v. Board of Education. Expanded the right to counsel and criminal defendants  Gideon v Wainwright Expanded the right to counsel and criminal defendants  Gideon v Wainwright Protections against searches and seizures  evidence used in violation of the 4 th amendment could not be used in a criminal case  Mapp v. Ohio. Protections against searches and seizures  evidence used in violation of the 4 th amendment could not be used in a criminal case  Mapp v. Ohio. Voting and reapportionment  legislative lines drawn to consider population not geographic areas  Baker v. Carr. Voting and reapportionment  legislative lines drawn to consider population not geographic areas  Baker v. Carr. Prohibited organized prayer in public schools  Engel v. Vitale Prohibited organized prayer in public schools  Engel v. Vitale

CHANGE FOR MAY 2011 Beginning with the May 2011 AP Exam administration, there will be a change to the way AP Exams are scored. Total scores on the multiple-choice section will be based on the number of questions answered correctly. Points will no longer be deducted for incorrect answers and, as always, no points will be awarded for unanswered questions. Beginning with the May 2011 AP Exam administration, there will be a change to the way AP Exams are scored. Total scores on the multiple-choice section will be based on the number of questions answered correctly. Points will no longer be deducted for incorrect answers and, as always, no points will be awarded for unanswered questions.

Federalism Federalism  Two or more governments exercise power and authority over the same people in the same territory. Federalism  Two or more governments exercise power and authority over the same people in the same territory. Delegated Powers/Enumerated Powers (Article 1 Section 8)– powers given to Federal government by Constitution. Delegated Powers/Enumerated Powers (Article 1 Section 8)– powers given to Federal government by Constitution. Reserved Powers – state power alone. Reserved Powers – state power alone. Concurrent Powers – shared. Concurrent Powers – shared. Prohibited Powers – denied from both. Prohibited Powers – denied from both. Ex. Neither government can tax exports. Ex. Neither government can tax exports. McCulloch v. Maryland  Is the Bank of the United States constitutional? YES! Can a state tax the federal government? NO! McCulloch v. Maryland  Is the Bank of the United States constitutional? YES! Can a state tax the federal government? NO! Gibbons v Ogden  further strengthened the Federal government. The federal government license is superior to the state license. Gibbons v Ogden  further strengthened the Federal government. The federal government license is superior to the state license. US V. Lopez  commerce clause could not be used as the foundation of the Gun Free School Zone law. US V. Lopez  commerce clause could not be used as the foundation of the Gun Free School Zone law. Gonzalez v. Raich  the US government can criminalize the production of medical marijuana. Gonzalez v. Raich  the US government can criminalize the production of medical marijuana. Dual Federalism  federal and state governments are co-equals. Dual Federalism  federal and state governments are co-equals. Cooperative Federalism  work together in government proceedings. Cooperative Federalism  work together in government proceedings. Incorporation (of the Bill of Rights)  most portions of the Bill of Rights now apply to the states through the due process clause. Incorporation (of the Bill of Rights)  most portions of the Bill of Rights now apply to the states through the due process clause.

May 4, 2011 Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions. Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions. 57.) D – 54% 57.) D – 54% 58.) E – 33% 58.) E – 33% 59.) C – 54% 59.) C – 54% 60.) B – 51% 60.) B – 51%

Now Look! CSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram Video. CSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram Video. CSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram Video. CSPAN – AP Government and Politics Cram Video. You should have your binder out! – this is good! You should have your binder out! – this is good!

May 6, 2011 Do Now: Handout. Do Now: Handout. Go over some key Federalism points. Go over some key Federalism points. Campaign Finance Reform. Campaign Finance Reform Multiple Choice with Answer Key Multiple Choice with Answer Key.

Federalism Mandates  A requirement that a state undertake an activity or provide a service. Mandates  A requirement that a state undertake an activity or provide a service. Ex:.08 BAC – in turn states receive federal funding for highways. Ex:.08 BAC – in turn states receive federal funding for highways. Categorical Grants  target specific purposes and “strings attached.” Categorical Grants  target specific purposes and “strings attached.” Devolution  granting of powers from the federal government to the states. Ex1: block grant – states given freedom on how to spend the money. Ex2: 1996 Welfare Reform  money given to the states to run their own welfare systems. Devolution  granting of powers from the federal government to the states. Ex1: block grant – states given freedom on how to spend the money. Ex2: 1996 Welfare Reform  money given to the states to run their own welfare systems. Federalist #51  defends a separation of powers between the national and state government. Federalist #51  defends a separation of powers between the national and state government. If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary

Campaign Financing Soft Money  money that goes to the party not directly to a candidate. Soft Money  money that goes to the party not directly to a candidate. Federal Election Campaign Act (1974)  tightening reporting requirements for contributions and limiting expenditures. Federal Election Campaign Act (1974)  tightening reporting requirements for contributions and limiting expenditures. a.) created the Federal Election Commission  administers campaign finance laws and enforce compliance. b.) Public financing for presidential primaries and general elections – Presidential candidates who raise at least $5,000 in 20 states can get individual contributions of up to $250 matched by the federal treasury. c.) Limited presidential campaign spending. d.) Disclosure requirement. e.) Individual contributions to presidential and congressional candidates up to $1,000. Loopholes 1.) Buckley v Valeo  Supreme Court struck down the portion of the act that limited the amount a candidate could spend on their own campaigns. Ex: 1992: Ross Perot raised $50 million. 2. Soft Money  money that goes to the party not directly to a candidate.

Campaign Financing McCain Feingold Act (Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act) McCain Feingold Act (Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act) 1.) Eliminated all soft money donations to the national parties. 2.) Doubled the contribution limit of hard money from $1,000 to $2, ) Banned the use of corporate or union money to pay for broadcast advertising that identifies a federal candidate within 30 days of a primary or nominating convention, or 60 days of a general election. Any ads within those periods that identify a federal candidate must be paid for with regulated, hard money or with contributions exclusively made by individual donors.