WPA Criterion E: Substance / General Medical Condition Exclusion The disturbance is not due to the direct effects of a substance (e.g., drugs of abuse, medication) or a general medical condition

WPA ICD 10 Criteria for Schizophrenia: The Basics Characteristic symptoms for one monthCharacteristic symptoms for one month If mood disorder is present, one month of characteristic symptoms must antedate itIf mood disorder is present, one month of characteristic symptoms must antedate it Not attributable to organic brain disease or substance abuseNot attributable to organic brain disease or substance abuse

WPA ICD 10: Characteristic Symptoms At least one of the following:At least one of the following: Thought echo, insertion, withdrawal, or broadcasting Delusions of control, influence, or passivity; delusional percept Voices commenting or discussing; voices coming from some part of the body Persistent delusions that are culturally inappropriate and completely impossible, such as religious or political identity, superhuman powers

WPA ICD 10: Characteristic Symptoms Or at least two of the following:Or at least two of the following: Persistent hallucinations in any modality when accompanied by delusions Neologisms, breaks or interpolations in the train of thought, resulting in incoherence or irrelevant speech Catatonic behavior “Negative” symptoms such as marked apathy, paucity of speech, and blunting or incongruity of emotional responses

WPA Similarities Between ICD and DSM Both require one month of active symptomsBoth require one month of active symptoms Both include references to negative symptomsBoth include references to negative symptoms Both require presence of delusions and hallucinations for a diagnosis of schizophreniaBoth require presence of delusions and hallucinations for a diagnosis of schizophrenia

WPA Differences Between ICD and DSM Characteristic symptoms (more emphasis on FRS in ICD)Characteristic symptoms (more emphasis on FRS in ICD) Overall duration of symptoms (one month for ICD vs. six months for DSM)Overall duration of symptoms (one month for ICD vs. six months for DSM) More specific and complex symptom list in ICDMore specific and complex symptom list in ICD Inclusion of Schizotypal Disorder and Simple Schizophrenia in ICDInclusion of Schizotypal Disorder and Simple Schizophrenia in ICD

WPA ICD 10: Types of Schizophrenia ParanoidParanoid HebephrenicHebephrenic CatatonicCatatonic UndifferentiatedUndifferentiated Post-schizophrenic depressionPost-schizophrenic depression Simple schizophreniaSimple schizophrenia

WPA ICD 10: Categories of Psychosis SchizophreniaSchizophrenia Schizotypal DisorderSchizotypal Disorder Persistent Delusional DisordersPersistent Delusional Disorders Acute and Transient Psychotic DisordersAcute and Transient Psychotic Disorders Induced Delusional DisorderInduced Delusional Disorder Schizoaffective DisordersSchizoaffective Disorders Other Nonorganic Psychotic DisordersOther Nonorganic Psychotic Disorders

WPA DSM IV: Subtypes ParanoidParanoid DisorganizedDisorganized CatatonicCatatonic UndifferentiatedUndifferentiated ResidualResidual

WPA DSM IV: Categories of Psychosis Schizophreniform DisorderSchizophreniform Disorder SchizophreniaSchizophrenia Brief Psychotic DisorderBrief Psychotic Disorder Schizoaffective DisorderSchizoaffective Disorder Delusional DisorderDelusional Disorder Shared Psychotic DisorderShared Psychotic Disorder Psychotic Disorder due to a General Medical ConditionPsychotic Disorder due to a General Medical Condition Substance-Induced Psychotic DisorderSubstance-Induced Psychotic Disorder Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise SpecifiedPsychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

WPA Differential Diagnosis Mood DisordersMood Disorders Nonpsychotic personality disordersNonpsychotic personality disorders Substance-induced psychotic disordersSubstance-induced psychotic disorders Psychotic disorders due to a general medical condition (i.e., “organic” disorders)Psychotic disorders due to a general medical condition (i.e., “organic” disorders)

WPA Drugs That May Induce Psychosis AmphetaminesAmphetamines MarijuanaMarijuana HallucinogensHallucinogens CocaineCocaine