Spanish & Native American Interaction U.S. History Chapter 2, section 1

Question/Main Idea: Describe the Spanish patterns of conquest. What type of culture resulted in this type of conquest?

Spanish Conquests *The Reconquista 700 year battle to rid Iberian Peninsula of Muslims Sets a pattern of treatment (cultures) by Spanish in the future Christians/Muslims live in harmony at first Traded, intermarried, borrowed cultures

Conquistadors *Conquistadors expected same relationship with natives in Americas as those in Europe. hidalgos -young Spanish gentlemen who led the conquests against Muslims and in Americas Believed they’d find: God, Gold, Glory wanted riches and fame hoped to find in Americas

Encomienda System Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pissarro in search of gold/riches Conquered Inca/Aztecs and in 1550’s began establishing colonies in Central-South America Spanish treated Native Americans “ruthlessly” natives forced to work under encomienda system must work for the good of one individual In return, Spanish agreed to care for natives

Why were Spanish outposts established in Florida and New Mexico? Question/Main Idea: Why were Spanish outposts established in Florida and New Mexico?

Spanish Outposts Spanish explorers after Columbus mapped, studied lands and people in southeastern and southwestern U.S. area not rich in resources like they first thought Spanish government - defensive bases built 1550’s to protect empire from other Europeans establish forts along coasts not very successful in longevity of forts

Continued………………… Spanish began moving west away from Florida Moved into New Mexico and California to protect northern Mexican borders from Europeans in the Pacific  How well did the settlements succeed? Small settlements called presidios built to guard area Maintained by Franciscan monks Priests established missions with idea of turning Native Americans into Catholics

Question/Main Idea: How did the Native Americans resist Spanish conquest in Florida and New Mexico and how did the Spanish settlement pattern change in response?

Conquering New Mexico and Florida Nomadic groups resistant to religion and treatment by Spanish Conflict began in New Mexico widespread revolt by Native Americans Pueblo people united and were successful in expelling Spanish from Southwest Destroyed missions-other signs of Christianity and European culture Ancient ways of Pueblo reborn

Continued…………… However, in 1700’s Pueblo were forced to seek Spanish protection from enemies in exchange, Pueblo become Catholic, but maintain their traditions and governed themselves

Continued……………. Native Americans resist Spanish control in Florida combined forces with English from other colonies Defeated Spanish, limiting settlements in Florida by 1706, only three settlements remain English, like Spanish had trouble establishing profitable colonies in America Solutions for profitability comes in the form of tobacco