Use of fat stores in exercise amount of fat cells amount of fat cells= amount of body fat (kg)/ amount of body fat (kg)/ amount of fat/fat cell ( 0.60 g)

- upon diet/training amount of fat/fat cell is lowered but number of fat cells remains the same - upon gaining weight amount of fat/fat cell is increased - number and size of cells are largely determined in pregnancy and especially during first years of life

- fat cells before/after 6 months of marathon training - average diameter of a fat cell diminished by 8.6 % - average amount of fat/fat cell diminished by 18.2 %

Measurement of amount of fat

Fat deposits in exercise Triglyserides g kcalWalking (days)

4.7/5.05 = 0.93

- Increased intensity (power) = increased energy consumption - use of glucose and glycogen is increased - use of FFA diminishes - use of fat stores is largest during average power production

- During exercises of low intensity/long duration use of FFA increases all the time

- endurance exercise increases use of fat stores of muscles - lowering of glycogen stores and exhaustion start later/at greater intensities of exercise

Use of proteins in exercise - use of proteins is greatest when there is lack of carbohydrates - while adding amount of muscle one has to make sure there is enough carmohydrates available for energy

Alanine-Glucose-cycle: - Cycle produces appr % of energy needed for exercise - after 4 hours of work as much as 45% of glucose produced by liver is made by the cycle - endurance training increases the ability of liver for gluconeogenesis