Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fix Astronomy Chapter 3
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 1 What is the Greek definition for the word "planet"? A. bright B. not twinkling C. wanderer D. twinkling E. backwards
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 2 Which one of the following represents the ideas of Plato? A. The Earth is flat. B. The Sun is at the center of the universe. C. Planets need not be spheres and do not need to move in circular orbits. D. Planets are spheres moving in circular orbits. E. Enjoyed listening to the music of the spheres.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 3 Ptolemy was important in the history of astronomy because he A. was the first to place the Sun at the center of the solar system. B. developed the first scientific model of the Earth. C. was the first believer in the geocentric model of the solar system. D. devoloped a model of the solar system that made sufficiently accurate predictions on the planetary positions to remain in use for many centuries. E. believed that all orbits are ellipses.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 4 How did the Ptolemaic model explain the apparent retrograde motion of the planets? A. It held that sometimes planets move backwards along their circular orbits. B. It placed the Sun at the center of the solar system. C. It varied the motion of the celestial sphere so that it is sometimes moved backwards. D. It held that planets moved in epicycles on larger circles (deferents) orbiting the Earth. E. It held that planets moved in epicycles on larger circles (deferents) orbiting the Sun.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 5 The path that led to the science of astronomy emerged from ancient civilizations in what part of the world? A. Central and South America B. North Asia C. China D. North America E. Mediterranean and Middle East
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 6 Apollonious first mentioned a model similar to Ptolemy in which he changed the sizes of the _________ and _________ to allow the geocentric theory to better fit the observations. A. epicycles; deferents B. epicycles; tides C. tides; gravity D. gravity; deferents E. atoms; molecules
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 7 The Egyptians contributed to the development of astronomy because of their interest in predicting seasons for agriculture. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 8 Ophiuchus is positioned near the ecliptic and is considered one of the current zodiac constellations. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 9 The Romans were the first culture to divide the calendar into 12 equal months of 30 days each, adding an extra month every few years. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 10 The fact that ancient people believed there was some significance in the planets passing through the same strip of the sky (now called the ecliptic) became the basis of astrology. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 11 According to Aristotle, the world is composed of earth, air, oxygen, and water. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 12 The idea that the Sun, not the Earth, was at the center of the universe (heliocentric theory) originated with Aristarchus. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 13 Eratosthenes calculated the size of the Earth using the fact that in the city of Syene the Sun shines into a well at noon on the day of the vernal equinox, while in Alexandria the Sun is at an angle of 7 degrees from the zenith at noon on the vernal equinox. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 14 Precession is A. the accuracy of numbers in astronomy. B. the apparent backward motion of planets on the celestial sphere. C. the slow wobble of the Earth's rotation axis on the celestial sphere. D. the daily eastward motion of the Sun around the celestial sphere. E. changing every month of the year.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 15 What famous early natural philosopher stated that all natural phenomena can be described by numbers? A. Plato B. Philolaus C. Pythagoras D. Socrates E. Thales
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 16 According to Pythagoras, what is the sum of the three angles in a right triangle? A. 90° B. 180° C. 120° D. 160° E. 360°
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 17 The Babylonians developed a system of angular measure where the entire sky was divided into 360°. A. True B. False
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 18 Something that is 1000 km away has an angular size of 2 seconds of arc. Approximately how big is it? A. 1 m B. 10 m C. 100 m D. 1 km
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 19 An object with an angular size of 1 degree moves 10 times farther away. What is its new angular size? A. 10 degrees B. 10 minutes of arc C. 6 minutes of arc D. 33 seconds of arc
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 20 An astronaut lands on an unknown planet. After walking a distance of 400 km toward the north pole of the planet, she notices that the pole star for that planet is 5 degrees higher in the sky. What is the circumference of the planet? A. 28,000 km B. 400 km C km D km
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1. C2. D3. D4. D 5. E6. A7. A8. B 9. B10. A11. B12. A 13. B14. C15. C16. B 17. A18. B19. C20. A