 What does the word eminent mean? APOD

 Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.

 Write down: o Name of each scientist o Their discovery/contribution to the study of astronomy

 Who first discovered other moons in the Solar System? Which planet do they orbit? APOD

 We will be learning about important and “Revolutionary” astronomers  Working in groups of 2  You will create a brochure about your scientist  Today you will read about your scientist and begin organizing information o using the “Eminent Eight: Astronomer Biography Form”  Tomorrow we will be in the library so you can fill in the gaps of information.

 What is one major difference in our understanding of the universe now as compared to a few hundred years ago? APOD

 Today- o Work on your brochures- you should finish with all research today o Fill in information on your brochure- include all information from the research sheet. Be as detailed and clear as possible! o Your brochures are due tomorrow. o If you print to the library-only print ONCE

 Tomorrow-Food  If we get over 60 items, we could win donuts and KR sunglasses!  That’s only 2 cans per person!

 Wh0 is your brochure about? What was his major contribution to astronomy? APOD

 Today- o Finish your brochures o Your brochures are due TODAY o If you print to the library-only print ONCE  When done w/ brochure: o “Astronomical Scientific Models” o Bring your book and notebook to the library

 What does it mean when we describe a scientist’s view of the Solar system as heliocentric? APOD

 Your brochures are placed around the room  Each scientist should have at least 2 brochures describing their lives and work.  Your job is to use only the brochures to answer the provided questions.

 Which scientist described the 3 laws of planetary motion? APOD

 Who was the “Greatest naked-eye observer in the world”? Why was he called that? APOD

 Should be in the form of a flow chart  Each Scientist/group should have its own box describing: o Their model or theory or law/formula that describes the solar system or universe.  Use the flow chart to show the chronological order of the theories/models.

 Central African: The Moon and weather  Took careful observations of the moon  Figured out that the orientation of the points on the crescent moon coincided with the seasons.  Used the moon to keep track of the wet and dry seasons.

 Ancient Greek: Pre- Aristotle, Geocentric  Described the Solar system with the Earth at center- “Celestial Sphere”  Each planet was attached onto a sphere

 Why was Copernicus’s Heliocentric theory not widely accepted? Who provided the evidence to change that? APOD

 Earth is spherical-its shadow showed on the moon during an eclipse  Said the Earth can’t be moving or clouds and birds and other objects would be left behind  Orbits must be circular because the heavens are perfect  Stellar parallax would exist if the Earth moved  All of these were proved false by Kepler

 Earth centric  Improved accuracy of celestial predictions  Stated that each planet moved in a circle within its orbital path  Remained the standard for 1400 years, until Copernicus

 Heliocentric-First to propose that Sun is the center, not Earth  This more easily explained the motion of the planets  However, he still held the belief that the orbits were perfect circles  wasn’t able to improve the prediction of planetary movement- still had the circles within circles  Not widely accepted

 Built on the work of Copernicus and Brahe  Attempted to find a model that would work based on circular orbits  His calculations were 8 arc minutes off of Tycho Brahe’s, but he couldn’t ignore it-he needed a new model of the Solar system

 “Those eight minutes pointed the road to a complete reformation in astronomy”  Summarized his ideas in 3 laws of planetary motion  1. Each planet’s orbit is an ellipse, with the Sun as one focus  2. As a planet moves around the Sun, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times  3. The orbital period is related to the distance from the Sun

 Using the new laws, Tycho Brahe’s observations were now explained  This was strong evidence in favor of Copernicus’s idea of a Sun-centered solar system

 What are the aphelion and perihelion? APOD

 How is the angular momentum of a planet conserved? (Kepler’s 2 nd law) APOD

 How is the angular momentum of a planet conserved? (Kepler’s 2 nd law) Use your book to help answer!! APOD

 Kepler’s law worksheet-only do #1-7 of the first page, don’t do the rest of the packet.  Answer in your notebooks: o Pg 149 #9-13, 15

 Restate Kepler’s 3 rd law in your own words. How is this law useful to scientists? APOD

 Kepler’s laws of motion vocabulary  Kepler’s law worksheet-only do #1-7 of the first page  Book questions: Pg 149 #9-13, 15  Unit review