THE COSMOS By: Donovan Lam

WHAT IS THE COSMOS? The Cosmos is actually another word for space. Space got its name because when scientists finally knew what was out there, there was so much empty SPACE!

THE MILKY WAY The Milky Way, our home galaxy, consists of 100 BILLION stars. The Milky Way has a bright light in the middle. Scientists discovered it’s a monstrous black hole, something that sucks in everything around it, even light. The Milky Way will cease to exist soon because Andromeda, our neighbor galaxy, will collide with the Milky Way.

OUR SOLAR SYSTEM Our solar system goes way back. The formation of the sun brought the formation of the planets, but there were 100 so planets. All started to collide into one another and 8 major planets survived: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Want to see how the planets Formed? Watch the videos below!

THE HISTORY OF OUR PLANETS The Romans back then thought that the planets were heavenly bodies, so they called them gods. Depending on their color, shape, or material they’re made out of, the Romans gave them names.

THE ASTEROID BELT From the leftover formation of our planets, there were leftover pieces of rock, not yet big enough to have gravity, so they were all squeezed in together to form a ring. Sometimes, an asteroid flies out and becomes dangerous if it flies toward earth and hits us.

KUIPER BELT The Kuiper Belt (Kie-per belt) is like another asteroid belt except it’s far less dangerous to us. The Kuiper Belt is beyond Neptune and contains dwarf planets. Comets or “Shooting Stars”, come from the Kuiper Belt and pass by planets. Dwarf planets, like Pluto, are minor planets. How did the Kuiper belt form? Well, when there were leftovers of the rocky planets, there were also leftovers of the gas planets. The Kuiper Belt is made of dust, ice, and gas.

BEYOND THE KUIPER BELT We didn’t discover this for a long time but beyond and beyond the Kuiper Belt, there lies what we call an Oort Cloud. The Oort Cloud is a spherical barrier of asteroids that surrounds our ENTIRE solar system. The Oort Cloud got its name because it was discovered by a guy named Oort.

DARK MATTER/DARK ENERGY Dark Matter and Dark Energy has been just discovered not so long ago. Scientists called Dark Matter, “Dark Matter”, because you can’t see it and you can’t see Dark Energy either. Dark Matter is important because it holds in solar systems and galaxies all together. If it weren’t there, galaxies wouldn’t exist and neither would solar systems. Dark energy is the opposite, it’s trying to pull them apart. But in the end, scientists say that dark energy will win the battle of matter vs. energy.

THE BEGINNING OF TIME How the cosmos was born? There was something called, “The Big Bang.” The Big Bang was a huge explosion and in a sudden it started expanding and space was born. Scientists like the very famous smart one, Kaku, said that the Big Bang may have happened when two universes collide or split, but that method has not been proven yet.

THANK YOU! I HOPE YOU LIKED MY PRESENTATION! ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^