Section 2.1 The Structure of the Atom. The Structure of the Atom In this section… a.The components of an atom b.Atomic symbols c.Isotopes and atomic weight.

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Presentation transcript:

Section 2.1 The Structure of the Atom

The Structure of the Atom In this section… a.The components of an atom b.Atomic symbols c.Isotopes and atomic weight

The Structure of the Atom Components of an Atom:

The Structure of the Atom Components of an Atom:

The Structure of the Atom

Atomic number and mass number:

The Structure of the Atom Atomic symbols:

The Structure of the Atom Atomic symbols:

The Structure of the Atom Isotopes: atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

The Structure of the Atom Isotopes and average atomic weight: The average atomic weight of an element depends on the mass of the atoms but also on the relative abundance of each isotope.

The Structure of the Atom Average atomic weights are shown on periodic table:

Chiuaua: 4 lbs. Mastif: 120 lbs. What is the average weight of a collection of these dogs?

The Structure of the Atom Isotopes and average atomic weight: Average dog mass: 96 % 4 lbs. 4 % 120 lbs.

The Structure of the Atom Elements with a single isotope have atomic weight = mass of that isotope Can make rough estimate of relative abundance from average atomic weight.

Isotope trends among the elements:

The Structure of the Atom Isotopes and average atomic weight: how do we know all this? Mass spectrometry

Section 2.2 The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table In this section… a.Structure of the periodic table b.Classifications of elements c.Element structures (atomic arrangements)

Periodic table structure: groups (columns)

Periodic table structure: periods (rows)

Periodic table structure: main group elements

Periodic table structure: transition metals

Periodic table structure: lanthanides and actinides

Periodic table structure: named groups

Classification of elements:

Periodic trends: density

Periodic trends: melting point

Element structures

Element structures: extended structures

Element structures: allotropes (same element, different structures)