+ Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Sierra Larsen Karsen DeJarnett Briauna Jones.

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Presentation transcript:

+ Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Sierra Larsen Karsen DeJarnett Briauna Jones

+ Find the number valence electrons in an elements based on its location on the periodic table. The number of the group it is in, skipping the transition metals.

+ Find the electron arrangement for an element based on its location on the period table. Use the Afbau Diagram Sub-LevelOrbitalMax # of Electrons s12 p36 d510 f714

+ Define the terms atomic number (A), mass number (Z), and isotope. Atomic Number: Number on the periodic table and the amount of protons and electrons Mass Number: Weight on the periodic table Isotope: Atoms of an element with the same atomic number (protons) and different mass number (neutrons).

+ State the relative masses and charges of the subatomic particles. See Below ChargeMassNumber Protons+1 amuAtomic # Neutronsn1 amuAtomic # - Neutrons Electrons-noneAtomic #

+ Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an isotope and/or ion. Isotope: Has the different number of neutrons. Ion: Protons = atomic number Electrons = atomic number – charge Neutrons = mass number – atomic number

+ Write isotope symbols given mass number. Example: 12 6 C 13 6 C 14 6 C

+ Calculate average atomic masses and isotope abundance from given data. Multiply the isotopes atomic mass by percent abundance (decimal form) and add all products together.

+ Discuss the uses of radioisotopes. Radioisotopes are naturally or artificially produced radioactive isotopes of an element. 14 Carbon is used in carbon-dating Radioisotopes also are used for Medicinal Industrial Nuclear Energy Fire alarms

+ Describe the electromagnetic spectrum. In the data booklet, but short waves are MORE dangerous than long waves.

+ Distinguish between continuous and line spectra. Continuous spectra is the rainbow effect you see when white light passes through a prism, visible light wave lengths from Line spectra are the colors emitted from a substance.

+ Explain how emission lines are related to electron energy levels. When electrons make the transition from high energy to low energy, photons are released.

+ Describe and explain the operation of a mass spectrometer. Measure exact masses of atoms Measure the masses of the breakdown products from molecules when they are smashed to pieces by high energy electrons – fragmentation pattern.

+ Describe how a mass spec can be used to determine relative atomic mass 12 C. Weighted average of isotopes of the element / 1/12 x the mass of of atom of carbon – 12