Pedosphere Hadrava Vít Semrádová Martina Šudomová Karolína Sources: Google.cz Textbook

What is pedosphere ? Pedosphere = Soil packaging Country Arises from a combination pedogenic substrate of living organisms, their dead bodies, climate, relief and time

Soil species Clay (heavy) Clay Loam soils (medium heavy) Loam soils Sandy (light) Sandy

Clay Particles are smaller than 0,002 mm

Loam soils Large particles from to 0.06 mm Deep horizon, the most agriculturally used In the lowlands

Sandy Particles are large 0,06 – 0,2 mm Good permeability and airing of the soil Few nutrients

Soil types Black soilsPeat soils Black soilsPeat soils Brown soilsRendzina (limy soils) Brown soilsRendzina (limy soils) KambizAlluvial soils KambizAlluvial soils Podzol soilsGleyed soils Podzol soilsGleyed soils

Black soil It is one of the most fergile soils on Earth It has got a high content of nutrients It has got a huge humic horizon It appears in lowlands and warmer areas For examle in Hungary and Ukraine

Brown soil It appears in higher altitudes than black soils It appears mostly in moderately warm and humid areas Brown soil is quite fertile For example in Benelux

Kambiz Can be created of all types of bedrock (sedimentary, metamorphosed also eruptive) It is in the highlands For example in the Czech Republic

Podzolic soils It is acid soil with low quantity of nutrients Coniferous trees grow on it It ranges the cold mountainous areas with wet climate It has thin layer of humus Such as Russia, Scandinavia and Canada.

Peat soils Have a high proportion of organic substances formed by turf

Rendzina (limy soils) It is found in mountainous areas It is linked to the limestone subsoil Croatia and England

Alluvial soils They surround rivers They are mostly flooded The most of the nutrients are flushed away, and they are therefore less fertile

Gley soils They are affected by the lower water, so they are called swamps They have low level of oxygen - their discoloration.

Questions Why we can say that nature knows all sorts of waste? What soil types are there in the vicinity of your school and residence? What are their characteristics? Name the types of soil in this picture.